元宝枫籽油对阿尔茨海默病模型小鼠的神经保护作用及机制研究  

Study on the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of Acer truncatum Bunge seed oil on mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

作　　者：任多多 向晨瑶 赵永康 柴学军 张露露 张玉婵 朱晓岩 赵善廷[1] Duoduo REN;Chenyao XIANG;Yongkang ZHAO;Xuejun CHAI;Lulu ZHANG;Yuchan ZHANG;Xiaoyan ZHU;Shanting ZHAO(College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shanxi,China;College of Basic Medicine,Xi'an Medical University,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西安医学院基础医学部,西安710021

出　　处：《阿尔茨海默病及相关病杂志》2025年第1期36-46,共11页Chinese Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders

基　　金：陕西省科技厅农业类一般项目(2023-YBNY-188);西安医学院高层次引进人才基金(No.2018RCYJ04);四川省“天府学者”项目(2020-120)。

摘　　要：目的:以5×FAD小鼠为动物模型探讨元宝枫籽油(Acer truncatum Bunge seed oil,ASO)对AD的防治作用及机制。方法:随机选取1月龄雄性5×FAD小鼠,将4%元宝枫籽油添加于标准鼠粮中(AD+ASO组),饲喂5×FAD小鼠5个月,同时设置雄性野型正常对照组(WT组),5×FAD转基因阿尔茨海默病疾病模型组(AD组)。取材之前进行巴恩斯迷宫、高架十字迷宫等行为学实验,然后进行海马和大脑皮层免疫荧光染色,并进行肠道菌群16S rRNA高通量测序和生物信息学分析。结果:行为学结果显示,元宝枫籽油饲喂可提高AD模型小鼠的空间学习记忆能力,并改善其认知功能障碍。免疫荧光结果表明,元宝枫籽油饲喂可以抑制淀粉样斑块的形成从而减少海马和大脑皮层Aβ(beta-amyloid protein)淀粉样斑块的沉积。元宝枫籽油干预后能提高AD小鼠海马组织抗氧化酶-谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平,进而提高机体抗氧化能力。生物信息学分析结果表明,元宝枫籽油可提高AD小鼠肠道菌群的丰富度和多样性,对肠道菌群起到积极的调节作用。结论:元宝枫籽油可通过调节肠道菌群结构组成及丰度抑制Aβ淀粉样斑的形成,改善AD小鼠的学习记忆能力,发挥其神经保护作用,为AD的预防提供了新途径和可能性。Objective:The aim of this study was to explore the preventive and curative effect and mechanisms of Acer truncatum Bunge seed oil(ASO)on Alzheimer’s disease using 5×FAD transgenic mice as an animal model.Methods:1-month-old male 5×FAD transgenic mice were randomly selected and fed a standard diet supplemented with 4%ASO for 5 months(AD+ASO group),Male wild type control group(WT group)and a 5×FAD transgenic Alzheimer’s disease model group(AD group)were also included.Before sampling,animal behavioral experiments such as Barnes maze and elevated plus maze were conducted,followed by immunofl uorescence staining of the hippocampus and cerebral cortex,high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing,and bioinformatics analysis of gut microbiota.Results:Behavioral results showed that ASO intervention could improve the spatial learning and memory and ameliorate cognitive impairment of 5×FAD transgenic mice.Immunofluorescence histological results showed that ASO reduced the deposition of neuroinflammatory plaques formed by beta-amyloid peptide(Aβ)accumulation in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex by inhibiting the formation of amyloid plaques.ASO supplementation increased level of the antioxidant enzyme-glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in the hippocampal tissue of AD mice,which in turn increased the body's antioxidant capacity.Bioinformatics results showed that the ASO could improve the richness and diversity of the gut microbiota in AD mice and play a positive role in regulating the gut microbiota.Conclusion:ASO can inhibit the formation of Aβamyloid plaques by regulating the structure and abundance of gut microbiota,improve the learning and memory of AD mice and exert its neuroprotective effect,provides new materials and possibilities for protection of AD.

关 键 词：元宝枫籽油 阿尔茨海默病 肠道菌群 淀粉样斑块 

分 类 号：TQ460.1[化学工程—制药化工]