生态环境侵权惩罚性赔偿金额的认定  

On the Determination of Punitive Damages for Ecological Infringements

作　　者：吕志祥 陈进鹏 CHEN Jinpeng;LYU Zhixiang(Law School of Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou,Gansu,730050)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学法学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《成都大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期111-119,共9页Journal of Chengdu University (Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“黄河流域绿色发展的法治协调机制研究”(项目编号:20BKS075)。

摘　　要：《中华人民共和国民法典》第1232条明确地将惩罚性赔偿引入生态环境侵权领域后,引发了生态环境侵权惩罚性赔偿的诸多讨论。但现阶段对生态环境侵权惩罚性赔偿金额的基数和倍数认定的研究较少,导致在现有惩罚性赔偿规定的框架下无法完全发挥惩罚性赔偿的价值和功能。通过对环境侵权行为外在表现予以认定和解析,对惩罚性赔偿的基数和倍数进行类型化构建,即对环境私益侵权适宜扩大,适度激励被侵权人积极行权;环境公益侵权维持现有的倍数基础,适度细化赔偿细节,适当化解环境侵权惩罚性赔偿适用的矛盾之处,以促进惩罚性赔偿价值的实现。Punitive damages are explicitly introduced into the field of ecological infringement in Article 1232 of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China,which has triggered a lot of discussion on punitive damages for ecological infringement.However,there is few research on the determination of the base and multiplier of the amount of punitive damages for ecological infringement at this stage,which leads to the inability to fully utilize the value and function of punitive damages under the present framework of the punitive damages provisions.By identifying and deconstructing the the illegal behavior of punitive damages,the base and multiplier of punitive damages are constructed depending on the types,that is,for the private ecological environmental infringement damages,the scope is expanded,so as to appropriate incentives for the infringed to actively pursue their rights;for the public ecological environmental infringement damages,the multiplier base is retained,but the details of punitive damages are moderately refined.Therefore,the contradictions in the application of punitive damages for ecological environmental infringement can be appropriately resolved,so as to promote the realization of the value of punitive damages.

关 键 词：生态环境侵权 惩罚性赔偿 赔偿金额认定 惩罚性赔偿的价值 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学] D922.68[政治法律—法学]