建筑工人内隐和外显安全态度对安全行为的影响  

Impact of implicit and explicit safety attitudes on safety behavior among construction workers

作　　者：叶贵[1,2] 越宏哲 叶鑫 YE Gui;YUE Hongzhe;YE Xin(School of Management Science and Real Estate,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;School of Construction Management,Chongqing Metropolitan College of Science and Technology,Chongqing 402160,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院,重庆400045 [2]重庆城市科技学院建筑管理学院,重庆402160 [3]东南大学土木工程学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2024年第12期2-7,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助(22AZD099);中央高校基本科研业务费资助(2023CDJSKJJ16,2022CDJSKPY19);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJZD-M202202501)。

摘　　要：为提升建筑工人的安全行为,促进内隐与外显安全态度对安全行为的有效作用,研究内隐与外显2种态度的交互关系及其对安全行为的综合影响。首先,设计试验以测量建筑工人的内隐安全态度倾向,通过隐性关联测试(IAT)评估其潜在态度;然后,结合外显安全态度量表,分析内隐和外显安全态度之间的关系;进一步考察内隐和外显安全态度的3种成分(认知成分、情感成分和行为倾向成分)对安全行为的影响。研究结果表明:建筑工人整体呈现出积极的内隐安全态度,然而,内隐和外显安全态度之间的相关性较弱;外显安全态度整体、情感成分和行为倾向成分对工人安全行为具有显著的正向影响,内隐安全态度与安全行为的相关性较弱;当工人的内隐安全态度与外显安全态度水平一致时,进一步提高了对安全行为的相关性和解释率。To improve construction workers'safety behavior and enhance the effectiveness of both implicit and explicit safety attitudes on this behavior,this study investigated the interaction between these two types of attitudes and their combined influence on safety behavior.First,an experiment was designed to measure the implicit safety attitudes of construction workers,and Implicit Association Test(IAT)was used to evaluate underlying attitudes.Then,the relationship between implicit and explicit safety attitudes was analyzed based on an explicit safety attitude scale.Finally,the study examined how the three components of both implicit and explicit safety attitudes—cognitive,emotional,and behavioral tendency—affected safety behavior.The results show that construction workers generally exhibit positive implicit safety attitude.However,the correlation between implicit and explicit safety attitudes is weak.Explicit safety attitude,particularly the overall,emotional,and behavioral components,has a significant positive effect on safety behavior,while the correlation between implicit attitude and safety behavior remains weak.When implicit and explicit safety attitudes are aligned,their correlation with and explanatory power for safety behavior increases.

关 键 词：建筑工人 内隐安全态度 外显安全态度 安全行为 行为倾向成分 

分 类 号：X915.2[环境科学与工程—安全科学]