明代官修经解的承继、设限与经学嬗变  

The inheritance and limitation of official interpretations of Confucian classics in the Ming Dynasty and the evolution of Confucian classics studies

作　　者：郭素红 GUO Suhong(Department of Chinese,Beijing Union University,Beijing 100101,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]北京联合大学师范学院中文系,北京100101

出　　处：《重庆大学学报(社会科学版)》2024年第6期188-196,共9页Journal of Chongqing University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目“明代的官修经解、官方经学与经学嬗变研究”(23YJA751004);北京联合大学科研项目“明代的官修经解与官方经学研究”(SK10202206)。

摘　　要：官修经解是以官修形式对儒家经典重加疏解的经学文献。有明一代中央政权高度集中,明代官修经解的编纂背景、内涵和思想特质,体现了一代王朝的文化选择和政治导向。明代官方编修的经学典籍文献,对于经学政策的说明不单是重要的资料,也是明代官修经解承继与设限的重要见证。明代官修经解的颁行,使经学以程朱理学而独尊,官修经解在经典诠释方面推行通俗化和普及化的举措,客观上推动了儒家经学的传播和经学教育的普及。经学文献的官方解读,则又代表了明代文化整合、思想设限的特色,在经学领域产生了很大的影响,体现了高度集中的中央政权对经学学术的干预和对思想领域的控制。明代官方经学反映出尊崇程朱理学的学术取向和巩固统治、维系人心的政治诉求,而明代官修经解体现了对宋元以来的经世致用经义精神的传承。明中后期的经学私家著述兼有学术与治道的功用,亦是对经学学术的承继和经学治道的践行,凸显出明代官修经解影响下经学嬗变的文化意义,生动反映出经学学术和科举应试之间的互动关系与制衡取舍。明代官修经解的承继与设限客观上影响了经学发展的面向和进程,亦是明中后期学者对宋学的反动和经学嬗变的深层根源,更多的经学话语融入以文献为依据的注经和解经,从而拓展出新的经学视域。对有明一代学术风气的重新检视,可以发现明代官修经解承继与设限的重要维度,由此传递出学术风气消长变化过程中的学术新变,有裨于深化对明代官方经学的研究。Official interpretation of Confucian classics is a scholarly document that interprets Confucian classics in the form of official interpretation.During the Ming Dynasty,the central government was highly centralized,the compilation background,connotation,and ideological characteristics of the Ming Dynasty’s official interpretation of the classics reflect the cultural choices and political orientation of a dynasty.The official interpretation of Confucian classics and documents in the Ming Dynasty is not only an important source of information for explaining the policies of Confucian studies,but also an important witness to the inheritance and limitations of the official interpretation of Confucian classics in the Ming Dynasty.The issuance of official interpretations of Confucian classics during the Ming Dynasty led to the dominance of Cheng Zhu Neo Confucianism in the study of classics.The promotion of popularization and accessibility in the official interpretation of classics objectively promoted the dissemination of Confucian classics and the popularization of Confucian education.The official interpretation of Confucian literature represents the characteristics of cultural integration and ideological limitations in the Ming Dynasty,which had a significant impact in the field of Confucian studies,reflecting the highly centralized central government’s intervention in Confucian scholarship and control over the ideological sphere.The official Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty reflected the academic orientation of respecting Cheng Zhu Neo Confucianism,as well as the political demand to consolidate rule and maintain people’s hearts,while the official Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty embodied the inheritance of the spirit of applying the classics to the world since the Song and Yuan dynasties.The private writings on Confucian classics in the mid to late Ming Dynasty had both academic and governing functions,and were also the inheritance of Confucian scholarship and the practice of Confucian scholarship i

关 键 词：明代 官修经解 儒家 经学 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] B21[历史地理—中国史]