电站锅炉高温过热器管开裂失效分析  

Analysis of cracking failure of high-temperature superheater tube in power plant boiler

作　　者：宁涛 NING Tao(Guangxi special equipment inspection and Research Institute,Nanning 530219,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区特种设备检验研究院,广西南宁530219

出　　处：《锅炉制造》2025年第1期40-42,共3页Boiler Manufacturing

摘　　要：某电厂在日常检验过程中,发现锅炉内部的高温过热器管存在泄露情况,为了探究弯管开裂的原因,决定使用光谱仪、金相显微镜、显微硬度仪和扫描电镜对失效的弯管开展理化研究。经分析发现:过热器弯管在进行冷弯工艺后,由于并未正常进行热处理,导致了弯曲处存在残余应力,进而导致局部应力加大,同时弯管在服役过程中温度差较大,形成热交变应力,同时锅炉水的处理并未达标,导致氯离子进入弯管内部,最终导致弯管因应力腐蚀而开裂失效。In order to explore the cause of the cracking of the elbow,it was decided to use spectrometer,metallographic microscope,microhardness tester and scanning electron microscope to carry out physical and chemical research on the failed elbow.After analysis,it is found that after the cold bending process of the superheater elbow,due to the lack of normal heat treatment,there is residual stress at the bend,which leads to the increase of local stress,and the temperature difference of the elbow in the service process is large,forming thermal alternating stress,and the treatment of boiler water is not up to standard,resulting in chloride ions entering the inside of the elbow,and finally leading to the cracking and failure of the elbow due to stress corrosion.

关 键 词：高温过热器 应力腐蚀 失效分析 

分 类 号：S225.93[农业科学—农业机械化工程]