大麻/聚丙烯腈复合纤维膜的制备及其染料吸附应用  

Preparation of hemp/polyacrylonitrile composite fiber membrane and its application in dye adsorption

作　　者：孔伟帅 孙颖[1,2] 王佳怡 李端鑫 KONG Weishuai;SUN Ying;WANG Jiayi;LI Duanxin(School of Light Industry and Textiles,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161006,China;Engineering Research Center for Hemp and Product in Cold Region of Ministry of Education,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学轻工与纺织学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]寒区麻及其制品教育部工程研究中心,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《毛纺科技》2025年第1期24-33,共10页Wool Textile Journal

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅基本科研业务费科研项目(145209511)。

摘　　要：为了探究制备大麻复合纤维膜的工艺及性能,采用静电纺丝法制备大麻/聚丙烯腈复合纤维膜,以纤维素溶液比例、接收距离、电压和推液速度为评价指标对静电纺丝工艺进行优化,利用单因素实验优化复合纤维膜对亚甲基蓝染料的吸附作用。结果表明,制备大麻/聚丙烯腈复合纤维膜的最佳工艺为纤维素溶液比例10%、接收距离20 cm、纺丝电压20 kV及推液速度1.5 mL/h,制备得到的纤维膜表面平整,孔隙率为80.8%,断裂强力为(12.36±2.31)cN,断裂伸长率为(23.65±3.26)%;纤维膜对染料吸附的最佳工艺条件为加热温度40℃、亚甲基蓝质量浓度20 mg/L、pH值9、加热时间为9 h,对应纤维膜对染料的吸附率为93.3%。In order to explore the preparation process and properties of hemp composite fiber membrane,hemp/polyacrylonitrile composite fiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning method.The electrospinning process was optimized with the ratio of cellulose solution,receiving distance,voltage and pushing speed as the indexes.The adsorption of methylene blue dye on the composite fiber membrane was optimized by single factor test.The results show that the best process for preparing hemp/polyacrylonitrile composite fiber membrane was as follows:cellulose solution ratio of 10%,receiving distance of 20 cm,spinning voltage of 20 kV and liquid pushing speed of 1.5 mL/h.The surface of the prepared fiber membrane was flat and the porosity was 80.8%.The breaking strength was(12.36±2.31)cN,and the elongation at break was(23.65±3.26)%.The optimum conditions for dye adsorption were heating temperature of 40℃,methylene blue concentration of 20 mg/L,pH value of 9,heating time of 9 h,and the adsorption rate of dye was 93.3%.

关 键 词：大麻纤维 聚丙烯腈 静电纺丝 复合纤维膜 染料吸附 

分 类 号：TS151[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]