羊绒洗毛废水中羊绒脂的回收及其皂化工艺  

Recovery and saponification process of cashmere fat in wool washing wastewater

作　　者：王娅萱 徐鹏 薛彦伦 梁栋明 项梅 WANG Yaxuan;XU Peng;XUE Yanlun;LIANG Dongming;XIANG Mei(College of Light Industry and Textiles,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010080,China;Ordos City Inspection and Testing Center,Ordos,Inner Mongolia 017010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古工业大学轻工与纺织学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010080 [2]鄂尔多斯市检验检测中心,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017010

出　　处：《毛纺科技》2025年第1期61-67,共7页Wool Textile Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(52364057);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310128009)。

摘　　要：为解决羊绒初加工工序中洗毛产生的废水污染问题,实现资源有效利用,通过对比实验采用絮凝、萃取工艺,得到粗制羊绒脂,以粗制羊绒脂为原材料利用冷、热制皂法制备羊绒脂皂。并以精制工艺、制皂溶液比例、温度、时间等为评价指标分析冷、热制皂情况。结果表明:絮凝工艺在洗毛废水pH值为8,投加2.5 g/L聚合硫酸铝铁絮凝剂进行絮凝,回收工艺以萃取法回收羊绒脂,羊绒脂回收率为73.8%;精制后的羊绒脂在热制皂工艺下皂化率为85.9%,综合评价发现热制皂性能整体优于冷制皂,热制羊绒脂皂的起泡能力为7.6 mL、泡沫稳定性1.6 mL、硬度6 mm、INS值165,可作为日化用品使用。In order to solve the problem of wastewater pollution caused by wool washing in the initial processing of cashmere and realize the effective utilization of resources,flocculation and extraction process was adopted through comparative experiments to obtain crude cashmere grease,which was used as raw material to make soap.The cold and hot soap making conditions were analyzed by refining the crude cashmere grease,controlling the proportion of soap making solution,temperature,time and other indicators.The results show that when the pH value of the wool washing wastewater was 8,the flocculation process was carried out by adding 2.5 g/L polyaluminum ferric sulfate flocculant.The recovery process recovered cashmere fat by extraction method,and the recovery rate of cashmere fat was 73.8%.Using cashmere fat as raw material,the cold and hot soaping method was used to prepare cashmere soap,and the saponification rate was 85.9%.The comprehensive evaluation show that the performance of hot soap was better than that of cold soap.The foaming ability of hot soap was 7.6 mL,the foam stability was 1.6 mL,the hardness was 6 mm,and the INS value was 165,which can be used as daily chemical products.

关 键 词：洗毛废水 絮凝 制皂 资源回收 

分 类 号：X791[环境科学与工程—环境工程]