脐带间充质干细胞在噪声性耳聋听力保护中的作用  

Protective Effects by Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells against Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

作　　者：廖康 潘明杰 李美华 何四海 祝园平 姜鸿彦[2] LIAO Kang;PAN Mingjie;LI Meihua;HE Sihai;ZHU Yuanping;JIANG Hongyan(College of Clinical Medicine,Hainan Medical University,Haikou 571199,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]海南医科大学,海口571199 [2]海南省人民医院(海南医科大学附属海南医院)耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2025年第1期113-118,共6页Chinese Journal of Otology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81960191);海南省自然科学基金项目(823RC558);海南省重大科技项目(ZDKJ2021040)。

摘　　要：目的探讨人脐带间充质干细胞(human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,hUC-MSCs)经尾静脉注射对噪声性耳聋小鼠听力和耳蜗毛细胞的干预作用。方法通过hUC-MSCs的原代分离与培养,获得具有间充质干细胞特性的细胞群。选取6周龄听力正常的雄性C57BL/6J小鼠15只,将其随机分为对照组、噪声暴露组、噪声暴露+hUC-MSCs组各5只。3组小鼠分别在噪声暴露前1 d及暴露后第1、3、7、14 d进行听性脑干反应(auditory brainstem response,ABR)测试,评估听力阈值。实验结束后,以颈椎脱位法处死小鼠,取出耳蜗进行固定、脱钙和基底膜铺片,再使用Alexa Flour 488-Phalloidin和4’,6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚二盐酸盐(4',6-diamidine-2'-phenylindole dihydrochloride,DAPI)进行免疫荧光染色,评估听觉毛细胞损伤情况。结果人脐带中分离培养出的间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)具有贴壁生长特性、符合鉴定标准。噪声暴露后,噪声暴露组、噪声暴露+hUC-MSCs组短声,8、16、32 kHz时ABR阈值均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。噪声暴露+hUC-MSCs组短声,8、16 kHz时ABR阈值低于噪声暴露组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),噪声暴露+hUCMSCs组32 kHz时ABR阈值与噪声暴露组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。噪声暴露后,噪声暴露组与噪声暴露+hUC-MSCs组耳蜗顶回OHCs仍排列整齐,无明显缺失,中回OHCs可见部分缺失,底回OHCs大量缺失,残余OHCs排列明显不规则,噪声暴露+hUC-MSCs组中回、底回OHCs损伤程度轻于噪声暴露组,小鼠耳蜗OHCs缺失率从顶回至底回呈现指数增加趋势,噪声暴露+hUC-MSCs组OHCs缺失率低于噪声暴露组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经尾静脉注射间充质干细胞,可有效改善噪声暴露小鼠的听觉功能,减轻耳蜗毛细胞损伤。Objective To investigate the therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(hUC-MSCs)in mitigating noise-induced hearing loss and cochlear hair cell damage in mice.Methods hUC-MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cords and cultured,and a cell population with mesenchymal stem cell characteristics was established.Fifteen six-weeks-old male C57BL/6J mice with normal hearing thresholds were randomly divided a control,a noise exposure only and a noise exposure+hUC-MSCs treatment group.Auditory brainstem responses(ABRs)were tested on the day before noise exposure and on days 1,3,7 and 14 post-exposure to assess hearing thresholds.Following the experiment,mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation,and the cochlea was extracted for fixation,decalcification,and basilar membrane preparation.Immunofluorescence staining with Alexa Flour 488-Phalloidin and 4',6-diamidine-2-phenylindole(DAPI)was then performed to assess the damage to auditory hair cells.Results The MSCs isolated from human umbilical cords demonstrated adherent growth characteristics and met the criteria for identification.Following noise exposure,ABR thresholds were significantly higher in the noise exposure and noise exposure+treatment groups than in the control group with no noise exposure at 8,16 and 32 kHz(P<0.05),although thresholds in the noise exposure+treatment group were significantly lower than in the noise exposure only group at 8 and 16 kHz(P<0.05),but not at 32 kHz(P>0.05).In both the noise exposure and noise exposure+treatment groups,outer hair cells(OHCs)were neatly arranged without significant loss in the apex,but showed partial loss in the middle turn and substantial loss in the basal turn,with the remaining OHCs showing irregular patterns.Damage to OHCs in the middle and basal turns in the noise exposure+treatment group was less severe than that in the noise exposure only group.Loss of OHCs increased exponentially from the apex to the basal turn,and was less severe in the noise exposure+treatment group than

关 键 词：噪声性耳聋 脐带间充质干细胞 听力保护 耳蜗毛细胞 

分 类 号：R76[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]