事实无人抚养儿童陪伴志愿者的“社会父母”角色研究  

A Study on the Role of“Social Parents”in Volunteering to Accompany de facto Orphans

作　　者：张沁洁[1] 张盼瑶 Zhang Qinjie;Zhang Panyao

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《社会建设》2025年第1期142-160,共19页Social Construction

摘　　要：尽管事实无人抚养儿童已被纳入儿童福利保障体系,但其依然面临亲情缺失。从角色经验、角色领会和角色实践三个维度,分析事实无人抚养儿童陪伴志愿者的“社会父母”角色扮演,发现“社会父母”角色扮演是一个复杂情感劳动过程;“社会父母”与事实无人抚养儿童建立起类似亲子依恋的关系,弥补了事实无人抚养儿童的亲情缺失,利于其社会性发展;由于陪伴服务的短期性、项目式和私域化,“社会父母”不能实现持续的情感替代,会造成二次伤害以及过度依赖。因此,按照一定标准理性地而非情绪化地选择性协调预期角色、规范角色和情境角色,有助于“社会父母”角色持续;“父母”社会化和情感社会化的认知—行动—反馈—修正循环验证过程,对于提高事实无人抚养儿童陪伴服务的质量和持久度至关重要。Despite the de facto orphan had been included in the child welfare system,they still lacked family affection.From the three dimensions of role experience,role understanding,and role practice,analyzing the role-playing of“social parenthood”by volunteers who accompany unaccompanied children.The research found that the role-playing of“social parenthood”is a complex affection labor process;the parent-child attachment relationship is established between“social parenthood”and the de facto orphan,which is conducive to their social development.Due to the short-term,project and private sphere of companionship services,“social parenthood”can’t achieve sustained emotional replacement,which can lead to secondary harm and excessive dependence.Therefore,selectively coordinating expected roles,normative roles,and situational roles,according to certain standards rationally rather than emotionally,will help to sustain the role-playing of“social parenthood”.The cyclical verification process of cognitive-behavior-feedback-modification of emotional socialization and“parents”socialization is crucial for the quality and sustainability of companionship services for the de facto orphan.

关 键 词：事实无人抚养儿童 社会父母 角色扮演 陪伴项目 

分 类 号：D632.9[政治法律—政治学] D432.5[政治法律—中外政治制度]