上海市长宁区某社区老年人群轻度认知障碍与中医体质类型的关联分析  

Correlation analysis between mild cognitive impairment and the traditional Chinese medicine body constitution types among the elderly in a community in Changning District,Shanghai

作　　者：徐蕾 张敏 王雯雯 余力[4] 朱旭婷 吕晓蕊 XU Lei;ZHANG Min;WANG Wenwen;YU Li;ZHU Xuting;LYU Xiaorui(Maternal and Child Health Center of Changning District,Shanghai 200050,China;Community Health Service Center in Xietu Street of Xuhui District,Shanghai 200032,China;Community Health Service Center in Huayang Street of Changning District,Shanghai 200042,China;Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Changning District,Shanghai 200051,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市长宁区妇幼保健院(所),上海200050 [2]上海市徐汇区斜土街道社区卫生服务中心,上海200032 [3]上海市长宁区华阳街道社区卫生服务中心,上海200042 [4]上海市长宁区疾病预防控制中心,上海200051

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2024年第11期1070-1075,共6页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市长宁区科学技术委员会科研项目(CNKW2018Y)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究老年人群轻度认知障碍(MCI)与中医体质类型之间的关联,为控制老年认知障碍发生提供依据。【方法】以上海市长宁区某社区≥65岁参加社区老年体检者为研究对象,采用画钟试验与极早期失智症筛检量表(AD8)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)与简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)的方法进行认知功能评估,根据《2018中国痴呆与认知障碍诊治指南》,结合评估结果与临床病史作为MCI诊断标准;采用现况调查方法,通过问卷询问收集研究对象的基本信息、慢性病患病情况;根据《老年人生活自理能力评估表》评估老年人的生活自理能力;根据《中医药健康管理服务规范》确定老年研究对象的中医体质类型;分析MCI的检出率与性别、文化、慢性病及中医体质类型的关联。【结果】共调查2351名老年人,其中男性1037人,女性1314人,平均年龄(74.11±6.15)岁(65~96岁)。其中确诊MCI共174人,占7.40%,各种体质老年人MCI检出率最高的为气郁质(10.8%),其次是湿热质(9.1%)和气虚质(8.4%)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄大、文化程度低、结核病史及湿热质、气郁质、气虚质体质是MCI的可能影响因素。【结论】湿热质、气郁质、气虚质等中医体质类型与MCI之间存在一定的关联,建议将中医技术融入老年人群的健康管理服务,对偏颇体质者进行针对性干预,从而控制MCI的发生风险。[Objective]To investigate the correlation between mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)body constitution types in the elderly,and to provide an evidence for the control of cognitive impairment in the elderly.[Methods]The elderly aged 65 and above who participated in the community physical examinations in a community of Changning District,Shanghai were selected as the research subjects.The cognitive function was assessed by using the Clock Drawing Test combined with the Ascertain Dementia 8-item Questionnaire(AD8),the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)and the Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE).The diagnostic criteria for MCI was identified based on the 2018 Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia and Cognitive Disorders,along with the assessment results and clinical history information.The current investigation method was used to collect the basic information and the prevalence of chronic disease of the subjects through questionnaire inquiries.The elderly subjects’ability to take care of themselves was evaluated based on the Elderly Self⁃Care Ability Evaluation Scale,while the TCM body constitution types were determined based on the Chinese Medicine Health Care Management Service Specification.The association of the detection rate of MCI with gender,education level,history of chronic disease and TCM body constitution types were analyzed lastly.[Results]A total of 2351 elderly people were investigated,including 1037 males and 1314 females,with an average age of(74.11±6.15)years.174 subjects,accounting for 7.40%,were identified with MCI.The highest detection rate of MCI in the elderly are those with a Qi stagnation constitution(10.8%),followed by those with a dampnessheat constitution(9.1%)and a Qi deficiency constitution(8.4%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age,lower educational level,a history of tuberculosis,and TCM constitutions such as dampness-heat,Qi stagnation,and Qi deficiency were the potential risk factors for MCI.

关 键 词：认知功能 轻度认知障碍 中医体质 体质类型 老年人 

分 类 号：R1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]