吸引资产权的属性、结构与实践路径  

Attraction Property Rights:Attributes,Structure,and Practice

作　　者：左冰[1] ZUO Bing(School of Tourism Management,SunYat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学旅游学院,广东珠海519082

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2025年第1期14-29,共16页Tourism Tribune

摘　　要：文章突破西方主流理论关于财产属性的公/私二元分野,基于吸引资产的集合性、协同性和价值弱可分割性的特征,论证了吸引资产的“俱乐部”产品性质,阐明了吸引资产权作为用益物权的共有产权属性。文章进而结合乡村旅游发展背景,在区分吸引资产系统和吸引资产单元的基础上,刻画出公权性与私权性吸引资产的结构性嵌套关系,并提出了管理跨边界、跨尺度吸引资产系统的原则性方法。文章建议基于中央深化农村土地改革的“三权分置”精神,构建“吸引资产权(集体地权)+(成员)不动产股权+(个体)不动产经营收益”的权利结构体系,推进农村“三变”改革。这一方案不仅能够最大程度地坚持集体土地所有制本质,妥善平衡公私关系,实现维护人民福祉与保障财产权利的有效结合,亦可为国家在文化和旅游相关的商业和经济领域创造出新的资本形式。文章丰富了公共资源管理理论,从发展旅游的角度提供了对土地以及地上物的价值的新认识和对其权益属性的新理解,为基于中国独特的土地所有权制度创新吸引资产权的实践形式提供了思路。This paper breaks through the public-private duality of the Western mainstream theory of property rights.Based on the characteristics of collectivity,synergy,and indivisibility of cultural and tourist attractions,the“club goods”nature of cultural and tourist attractions is addressed in the context of tourism development.In the era of the attention economy,the attractiveness of any cultural,social,or natural resource has become a new type of intangible asset,which is capable of being owned or controlled for use in commercial tourism activities.This paper defines these emerging intangible assets as“attraction properties”and considers their attraction property rights(APRs)as communal usufructuary rights,which are indivisible and jointly possessed by the assets’co-owners.This paper further distinguishes attraction assets from the units of attraction that constitute the usufructuary system.Due to the different public-private property rights arrangements of attraction units,the APRs of an attraction asset show a multi-nested structure that combines the varying public-private property rights of attraction units.In the vertical administrative or spatial scale,the APRs of attraction assets also have multiple levels.This multi-nested attribute of attraction assets provides unique advantages for resource protection and benefit-sharing practices among stakeholders.In addition,it helps to explore new models for commercial development and asset operation management.Based on the background of rural revitalization through tourism development,this paper calls for the legal creation of APRs and the establishment of national and regional/collective attraction asset management systems to not only adhere to the collective land ownership institution,but also generate new forms of intangible assets for rural areas in commercial and economic fields related to culture and tourism.Hence,APRs are helpful for balancing public-private interests and realizing the effective combination of safeguarding people’swell-being and protect

关 键 词：吸引资产权 用益物权 俱乐部产品 集体土地所有制 嵌套产权 三权分置 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]