游不离家?非惯常环境理论下的邻近游探析  

The Sense of Away from Home in Residence:An Analysis of Proximity Tourism Based on the Theory of Unusual Environments

作　　者：高子茵 管婧婧 GAO Ziyin;GUAN Jingjing(School of Tourism and Urban-Rural Planning,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Hangzhou West Lake Watershed Management Office,Hangzhou 310002,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学旅游与城乡规划学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]杭州市西湖水域管理处,浙江杭州310002

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2025年第1期30-44,共15页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“心理所有权视角下的居民多层次参与乡村旅游发展行为研究”(72074194);“多主体协同下核心旅游企业参与乡村社区治理的实现机制研究”(72472141);浙江省教育厅一般科研项目“非惯常环境视角下邻近旅游产生及发展机理研究”(Y202352545)共同资助。

摘　　要：随着各类短途旅游模式的兴起,近年来有学者提出了邻近旅游的概念,认为居住地及其周边地区亦可成为居民的游览地,拓展了“旅游”的空间和内涵边界。但亦有学者认为,邻近旅游有悖于旅游定义中的异地性假设,挑战了学科共识,易造成理论混淆。针对上述相悖观点,该文以非惯常环境理论为基础,从到访率、空间认知和身份转换的角度,在学理上辨析了地理位移缺省能否生成“旅游”,进而以离家感为“在旅游”的替代变量,实证检验到访频率、空间构成(异质空间、差异文化、旅游活动内容)和思维模式对离家感形成的影响。结果表明,本地居民在进入不常涉足的居住地“旅游化空间”时也会产生离家感,即产生进入非(偏)惯常环境的认知。具备成长型思维模式的本地居民由于更能接受行动、思维和身份的转换,这一感受更为强烈。研究不仅在理论上回应了邻近旅游的概念合法性,解析了在居住地何以产生旅游体验的影响因素,也衍生探讨了异地性与非惯常环境、旅游与“旅”和“游”,以及非惯常环境认知与“在旅游”感知之间的关系,并给出了探究这一学理问题的理论和实践意义。In recent years,the rise of various short-distance and nearby travel modes has led to the emergence of the concept of proximity tourism.This concept posits that one’s place of residence and its surrounding areas can serve as viable travel destinations,offering significant physical and mental benefits.In practice,trends such as staycations,city walks,and local travel have gained popularity,aligning with the theoretical framework of proximity tourism.However,some scholars argue that this concept challenges the fundamental premise of spatial displacement inherent in traditional definitions of tourism,sparking debates within the field and creating potential confusion in both theory and practice.As a result,the academic validity of proximity tourism warrants further investigation.To address these debates,this study explores whether“tourism”can occur in the absence of geographical displacement,employing the perspectives of visitation frequency,spatial cognition,and identity transformation within the framework of unusual environment theory.By using the concept of a sense of being away from home as a proxy for the experience of tourism,the study empirically examines the influence of visitation frequency,spatial constructs(including heterogeneous spaces,cultural differences,and tourism activities),and mindset orientation on the formation of this sense.The study uses Hangzhou’s West Lake Scenic Area as the research setting,surveying local residents about their experiences with heterogeneous spaces,cultural differences,tourism activities,and their sense of being away from home.Respondents also provided insights into their growth mindset,reflecting their openness to change in actions,thinking,and identity.Data analysis reveals that individuals can experience a sense of being away from home in“touristic spaces”within their residential areas—spaces they rarely visit despite their proximity.This indicates that even within familiar surroundings,individuals can perceive their environment as unusual,challenging the t

关 键 词：邻近(旅)游 离家感 异质空间 差异文化 旅游活动内容 成长型思维模式 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]