乐在忙中?老年旅游志愿者的幸福感研究——基于混合研究方法  

Enjoying Being Busy?Research on the Happiness of Elderly Tourism Volunteers--Based on Mixed Research Methods

作　　者：吕婷 李师娜 何莽[3,4] 刘怡欣 张镨月 LYU Ting;LI Shina;HE Mang;LIU Yixin;ZHANG Puyue(School of Business,Taizhou University,Taizhou 318000,China;Taizhou Smart Culture and Tourism Laboratory,Taizhou 318000,China;School of Tourism,Sun Yat sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;Key Laboratory pf Sustainable Tourism Intelligent Evaluation Technology,Minitry of Culture and Tourism,Zhuhai 519082,China)

机构地区：[1]台州学院商学院,浙江台州318000 [2]台州市智慧文旅实验室,浙江台州318000 [3]中山大学旅游学院,广东珠海519082 [4]可持续旅游智能评测技术文化和旅游部重点实验室,广东珠海519082

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2025年第1期122-134,共13页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：台州学院2023年校立医学专项科研项目“基于生理指标的旅游审美体验对中老年人身心健康的疗愈机制研究”(2023XY09)资助。

摘　　要：文章以批判老年学为指导,打破以往将老年人作为弱势受助者的固化思维,聚焦中国老年旅游志愿者,通过访谈与皮电心理生理测量法,分别从长期和瞬时两方面研究其幸福感的构成维度与生成机制。1)老年旅游志愿者长期幸福感经主观意识加工,由社会价值感、社会接纳感、自我接纳感等8个维度构成,分为动机预设-行为实施-结果生成3个阶段。在动机预设阶段,中国传统文化价值观引导退休者生成的道德预设成为动机形成的核心推动要素,将旅游志愿活动视为符合道德规范并获得幸福感的行为。因此,退休者实施旅游志愿行为能够打破退休无用感、生活空虚等负面体验,进而生成符合道德预设的幸福感,呈现出“德”“福”一致的特点。2)瞬时幸福感核心维度为高频次的积极情绪体验,本质上是一种情绪幸福感,主要由活动中“游客认可”和“志友交流”两类事件诱发。文章弥补了幸福感研究时间效应的单一性,有利于推动社会建构公平多元的老年社会参与体系。Active aging initiatives recommend diverse types of social participation for elderly people.An important type of social participation for this population is as tourism volunteers.This study used a critical gerontology approach that combined self-reports with skin electrophysiological measurements to identify the basic features and developmental process of long-term and current happiness in elderly tourism volunteers.In traditional Chinese culture,the influences of Confucianism,Daoism,and other established collectivism values have some positive effects on the elderly.The values of Chinese cultural collectivism prompt them to take actions against uselessness fot the elderly after retirement and promote the formation of the elderly’s motivation to participate as tourism volunteers.Voluntary tourism activities are more suitable than other voluntary activities for elderly people because they involve little physical work and help to promote self-worth.Voluntary activities in tourism communities can encourage a broad outlook as they involve communication with tourists from all over the world.In addition,participating in tourism volunteer is considered a healthy lifestyle activity,and can improve aspects of the elderly’s psychological well-being,such as a sense of self-worth,social pleasure,and volunteer identity.Such participation can reduce negative emotions and self-perceptions,such as feelings of uselessness,social disengagement,and emptiness.Psychophysiological measurement is a method that can record real-time changes in emotional physiological indicators that can capture an individual’s current state of well-being.Such measurements were used to provide a more accurate and comprehensive analysis of the development of elderly tourism volunteers’happiness.The results showed that 1)the formation mechanism of long-term happiness can be described as four main processes:influenced by Chinese traditional cultural values,negative experience of self discrimination after retirement,external environmental support and t

关 键 词：旅游志愿者 老年人 幸福感 批判老年学 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]