儿童呼吸道感染肺炎支原体抗体检出率及与气候因素的相关性研究  

Study on the detection rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae-IgM antibody in children with respiratory tract infection and its correlation with climate factors

作　　者：林胜元[1] 徐杰 林琦云 LIN Shengyuan;XU Jie;LIN Qiyun(Department of Medical Laboratory,Jiangmen Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Guangdong Province,Jiangmen 529000,China;Department of Pediatrics,Jiangmen Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Guangdong Province,Jiangmen 529000,China;Center of Reproductive Medicine,Jiangmen Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Guangdong Province,Jiangmen 529000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省江门市妇幼保健院医学检验科,广东江门529000 [2]广东省江门市妇幼保健院儿内科,广东江门529000 [3]广东省江门市妇幼保健院生殖医学中心,广东江门529000

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2025年第2期116-119,共4页China Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童呼吸道感染肺炎支原体抗体(MP-IgM)检出率及与气候因素的相关性。方法选取2023年4月至2024年3月江门市妇幼保健院接诊的4065例呼吸道感染患儿为研究对象,采集入组对象2 ml静脉血测定MP-IgM,并收集患儿基本资料及同期气候因素,比较不同年龄、性别以及季节MP-IgM检出率,并分析MP-IgM检出与气候因素的关系。结果4065例呼吸道感染患儿MP-IgM检出率为34.98%(1422/4065);3~<6岁患儿MP-IgM检出率最高,其次为≥6岁,<1岁MP-IgM检出率最低;不同年龄患儿MP-IgM检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);男性患儿MP-IgM检出率高于女性患儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);冬季MP-IgM检出率高于秋季和春季、夏季;不同季节患儿MP-IgM检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);相关性分析显示,患儿MP-IgM检出率与月平均相对湿度、月平均气温、月平均雨量、PM 2.5数值均呈正相关(r=0.520、0.714、0.820、0.835,P<0.05),与月总日照时间、月平均风速无相关(P>0.05)。结论儿童呼吸道感染MP-IgM多见于学龄前和学龄期儿童,男性患儿检出率较高,且冬、秋季为高发季节,且肺炎支原体流行与PM 2.5值、月平均相对湿度、月平均气温、月平均雨量有关。Objective To investigate the correlation between the detection rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae-IgM antibody(MP-IgM)and climate factors in children with respiratory tract infection.Methods A total of 4065 children with respiratory tract infection admitted to Jiangmen Maternal and Child Health Hospital from April 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the study subjects.2 ml venous blood of the enrolled subjects was collected for the determination of MP-IgM,and basic data of the children and climatic factors in the same period were collected to compare the MP-IgM detection rates of different ages,genders and seasons.The relationship between MP-IgM detection and climate factors was analyzed.Results The MP-IgM detection rate of 4065 children with respiratory tract infection was 34.98%(1422/4065).The MP-IgM detection rate was the highest in children aged 3 to<6 years,followed by≥6 years,and the lowest in children aged<1 years.The detection rate of MP-IgM in children of different ages was statistically significant(P<0.05).The MP-IgM detection rate in male children was higher than that in female children,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The MP-IgM detection rate in winter was higher than that in autumn,spring and summer.The detection rate of MP-IgM in different seasons was statistically significant(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the detection rate of MP-IgM was positively correlated with monthly mean relative humidity,monthly mean temperature,monthly mean rainfall and PM 2.5(r=0.520,0.714,0.820,0.835,P<0.05),but had no correlation with monthly total sunshine time and monthly mean wind speed(P>0.05).Conclusion MP-IgM in children with respiratory tract infection is more common in preschool and school-age children,and the detection rate of male children is higher,and winter and autumn are the highest seasons,and the prevalence of mycoplasma pneumoniae is related to PM 2.5 value,monthly average relative humidity,monthly average temperature and monthly average rainfall.

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 儿童 肺炎支原体抗体 气候因素 

分 类 号：R375.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]