新疆奇台地区不同水肥条件下文冠果种实性状的差异  

Differences of fruit traits of yellow horn under different water and fertilizer conditions in Qitai region of Xinjiang

作　　者：王天斌 汪智军[1] 靳开颜 张志冉 李亚强 虎海防 陈同森[1] 孙杰 WANG Tianbin;WANG Zhijun;JIN Kaiyan;ZHANG Zhiran;LI Yaqiang;HU Haifang;CHEN Tongsen;SUN Jie(Xinjiang Academy of Forestry,Urumchi 830092,Xinjiang,China;College of Life Science,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266061,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆林业科学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830092 [2]青岛大学生命科学学院,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《经济林研究》2024年第4期109-116,共8页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费资助项目(KY202306);中央财政林草科技推广示范项目(新〔2023〕TG14号)。

摘　　要：【目的】为新疆地区文冠果高效栽培管理提供参考。【方法】以新疆奇台地区9年生实生文冠果为研究对象,设置未施水肥、水肥条件一般、水肥条件良好共3个处理,采集成熟果实,对14个种实性状指标进行测定,并进行相关分析,结合主成分分析和主坐标分析,研究水肥条件对文冠果种实性状的影响。【结果】不同水肥条件下,文冠果种实表型性状中单株种子质量和单株结果数量的变异系数较大,分别为64.87%和60.94%,说明水肥条件对文冠果产量影响较大。种子的神经酸含量、含油量等种实品质性状受水肥条件影响较小。果实横纵径与单果质量、种子千粒质量均呈现极显著正相关(P<0.01),表明单果质量和种子千粒质量随果实纵、横径增大而增加。从14个种实性状可提取4个主成分,分别为种实表型因子、油脂因子、神经酸含量和蛋白因子,4个主成分的累计方差贡献率为88.514%。主成分分析结果表明,水肥条件较好地块的种实性状综合得分处于较高水平,未施水肥地块的种实性状综合得分均处于较低水平,说明水肥条件对文冠果种实的表型性状和品质性状均有显著影响。主坐标分析结果表明,2个主成分PC1和PC2分别解释了水肥条件导致的种实性状的27.28%和22.48%。【结论】水肥条件对文冠果种实性状影响较大。【Objective】This paper provides references for the efficient cultivation and management of yellow horn(Xanthoceras sorbifolia)in Xinjiang.【Method】The nine-year-old fruit-bearing fruit in Qitai region of Xinjiang was selected as the research object.The mature fruit was collected under three treatments:no water and fertilizer application,normal water and fertilizer condition,and excellent water and fertilizer condition.We collected mature fruits and measured 14 seed traits to analyze the correlation.Combined with principal component analysis(PCA)and principal coordinate analysis,we studied the effects of water and fertilizer conditions on seed traits of X.sorbifolia.【Result】Under different conditions of water and fertilizer,the variation coefficients of seed mass per plant and Fruit number per plant were 64.87%and 60.94%,respectively,indicating that the conditions of water and fertilizer had a great influence on the fruit yield.Seed quality traits such as neuric acid content and oil content were less affected by water and fertilizer conditions.The horizontal and vertical diameter of fruit were positively correlated with the mass of single fruit and the mass of thousand seeds(P<0.01),indicating that the mass of single fruit and thousand seeds increased with the increase of vertical and horizontal diameter of fruit.Four principal components were extracted from 14 species traits,which were phenotypic factor,lipid factor,nerve acid content and protein factor,and the cumulative contribution rate of the four principal components was 88.514%.The results of principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive scores of seed and fruit traits in the plots with good water and fertilizer conditions were at a higher level,while the comprehensive scores of seed and fruit traits in the plots without water and fertilizer were at a lower level,indicating that the conditions of water and fertilizer had a significant effect on the phenotypic and quality traits of the seed and fruit.The results of principal coordinate

关 键 词：文冠果 水肥条件 种实性状 主成分分析 主坐标分析 

分 类 号：S606.2[农业科学—园艺学]