人工林种植模式对天门冬生物量、养分含量及品质的影响  

Effects of understory intercropping on biomass and nutrient stoichiometry of Asparagus cochinchinensis

作　　者：王家妍 蒋丰璟 李青春 杨梅[2,3,4] 徐圆圆[2,3,4] 莫雅芳 WANG Jiayan;JIANG Fengjing;LI Qingchun;YANG Mei;XU Yuanyuan;MO Yafang(Gaofeng State-owned Forest Farm in Guangxi,Nanning 530001,Guangxi,China;College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Cultivation of Fast-Growing Timber in Central South China,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西国有高峰林场,广西南宁530001 [2]广西大学林学院,广西南宁530004 [3]广西大学广西森林生态与保育重点实验室,广西南宁530004 [4]广西大学中南速生材繁育国家林业和草原局重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《经济林研究》2024年第4期145-154,共10页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：广西自筹经费林业科技项目(桂林科研〔2022ZC〕第34号);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB21238014);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32371856)。

摘　　要：【目的】为天门冬Asparagus cochinchinensis林下栽培模式的选择提供参考。【方法】采用化学计量分析和主成分分析的方法对广西国有高峰林场27年生杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata纯林、27年生杉木/13年生马尾松Pinus massoniana混交林、27年生杉木/13年生桉树Eucalyptus robusta混交林和27年生木荷Schima superba纯林模式下种植的1年生天门冬生物量、含水量、养分及药用成分含量进行测定和分析。【结果】杉木混交桉树能提高天门冬地下部分的生物量,木荷纯林模式下其生物量表现最佳。杉木纯林模式下天门冬块根的碳(C)、氮(N)、钾(K)积累表现最佳,但养分利用效率较低且生长受磷(P)元素限制;杉木混交林模式能提高天门冬的养分利用效率并缓解P元素限制,且混交桉树模式下天门冬的养分表现较混交马尾松模式下更佳;木荷纯林模式下天门冬生长受到N元素限制。杉木纯林模式能促进天门冬块根总氨基酸的积累,杉木混交林和木荷纯林更利于块根中总皂苷、总多糖的积累。相关性和主成分分析结果表明,C、N、P、K的积累之间具有协同性,N、K会抑制天门冬生长,P对天门冬的生长有益;一定程度的养分胁迫能提高天门冬块根的总氨基酸含量,而适宜的养分分配更利于块根中总皂苷、总多糖的积累。【结论】阔叶树林下种植可促进天门冬生长、提高其药用成分含量并缓解养分限制,提高天门冬的综合品质。杉木/桉树混交林模式下天门冬的品质较杉木纯林模式下更高,木荷纯林模式下天门冬的综合品质最佳。【Objective】It provides a reference for the selection of cultivation mode under the forest of Asparagus cochinchinensis.【Method】The biomass,water content,nutrients and medicinal components of one-year old A.cochinchinensis planted under 27 year old Cunninghamia lanceolata pure forest,27 year old C.lanceolata/13 year old Pinus massoniana mixed forest,27 year old C.lanceolata/13 year old Eucalyptus robusta mixed forest and 27 year old Schima superba pure forest in Guangxi State Owned Gaofeng Forest Farm were measured and analyzed by using the methods of stoichiometry and principal component analysis.【Result】The mixed forest of C.lanceolata and E.robusta improved the biomass of the underground part of A.cochinchinensis,and the biomass of the pure forest of S.superba was the best.The accumulation of C,N,K in A.cochinchinensis root tubers under the pure C.lanceolata forest model was the best,but the nutrient utilization efficiency was low and the growth was limited by P;The mixed C.lanceolata forest model improved the nutrient utilization efficiency of A.cochinchinensis and alleviated the restriction of P element,and the nutrient performance of A.cochinchinensis under the mixed E.robusta model was better than that under the mixed masson pine model;The growth of A.cochinchinensis was limited by N element under the pure forest mode of S.superba.The pure forest model of C.lanceolate promoted the accumulation of total amino acids in A.cochinchinensis root tubers.The mixed forest of C.lanceolata and the pure forest of S.superba were more conducive to the accumulation of total saponins and total polysaccharides in root tubers.The results of correlation and principal component analysis showed that there was a synergy between the accumulation of C,N,P and K.N and K inhibited the growth of A.cochinchinensis,and P was beneficial to the growth of A.cochinchinensis;A certain degree of nutrient stress increased the total amino acid content of A.cochinchinensis root tubers,and the appropriate nutrient distribution was mo

关 键 词：天门冬 林下种植模式 生物量 化学计量特征 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S604.5[农业科学—园艺学]