有机生态型废旧基质还田利用对辣椒生长及产量和经济效益的影响  

Effects of Waste Substrate Returning on Pepper Growth,Yield,and Economic Benefit

作　　者：吴科生[1,2] 孙建好 赵建华[1] 李伟绮[1] 杨新强[1] 陈亮之[1] 何旭刚 WU Kesheng;SUN Jianhao;ZHAN Jianhua;LI Weiqi;YANG Xinqiang;CHEN Liangzhi;HE Xugang(Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Gansu Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agri-environment and Arable Land Conservation,Ministry of Agriculture,Wuwei Gansu 733017,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]农业部甘肃耕地保育与农业环境科学观测实验站,甘肃武威733017

出　　处：《寒旱农业科学》2025年第1期73-77,共5页Journal of Cold-Arid Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划(2022GAAS13)。

摘　　要：通过探索有机生态型废旧基质的资源化、无害化利用新途径,使河西灌区有机生态型废旧基质得到资源化循环再利用。以辣椒品种美国红为指示作物,在河西绿洲灌区灌漠土区研究了有机生态型废旧基质还田对辣椒生长的影响。结果表明,施用废旧基质30 t/hm^(2)+80%常规施肥(N 300.0 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)96.0 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 72.0 kg/hm^(2))时,辣椒折合产量最高,为32340 kg/hm^(2),较不施肥对照增产27.31%,较常规施肥处理(N 375.0 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)120.0 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 90.0 kg/hm^(2))增产12.84%;产值、净产值均最高,分别达到71148.0、45742.0元/hm^(2),较不施肥对照分别增加15261.4、7705.4元/hm^(2),较常规施肥处理分别增加8096.0、4360.0元/hm^(2)。该有机生态型废旧基质还田配施化肥模式能有效提高辣椒产量、产值,建议在河西灌区灌漠土区辣椒生产上加以推广应用。To explore new pathways for the harmless utilization of waste substrates organic ecological waste substrates and to promote the recycling of such substrates in the Hexi Irrigation District,using American redpepper variety(Capsicum annuum L.)as the indicator crop,the effects of returning organic ecological waste substrates to the soil on pepper growth were studied in the desert irrigation areas of the Hexi Oasis.The results showed that applying 30 t/ha of waste substrate+80%conventional fertilization(N 300.0 kg/ha,P_(2)O_(5)96.0 kg/ha,K_(2)O 72.0 kg/ha)resulted in the highest pepper yield,which was 32340 kg/ha.It was an increase of 27.31%compared to the unfertilized control and 12.84%higher than the conventional fertilization treatment(N 375.0 kg/ha,P_(2)O_(5)120.0 kg/ha,K_(2)O 90.0 kg/ha).The output value and net profit also reached their highest levels,reaching 71148.0 and 45742.0 Yuan/ha,respectively,an increase of 15261.4 and 7705.4 Yuan/ha compared to the unfertilized control,and 8096.0 and 4360.0 Yuan/ha compared to the conventional fertilization treatment.This organic ecological waste substrate return combined with chemical fertilization model can effectively increase pepper yield and output value.It is recommended for promotion in pepper production in the desert irrigation areas of the Hexi Irrigation District.

关 键 词：辣椒 有机生态型废旧基质 还田利用 产量 经济效益 河西灌区 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] S147.2[农业科学—园艺学]