致密/页岩油气储层保护技术研究进展与方向  

Research progress and direction of tight/shale oil and gas reservoir protection technology

作　　者：游利军[1] 龚伟[1] 康毅力[1] 王艺钧 YOU Lijun;GONG Wei;KANG Yili;WANG Yijun(State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室,四川成都610500

出　　处：《断块油气田》2025年第1期27-34,152,共9页Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“富有机质页岩氧化致裂增渗加速气体传输机理研究”(51674209);非常规油气层保护四川省青年科技创新研究团队项目“页岩气层氧化协同水力压裂减量增渗方法研究”(2021TD0017);西南石油大学研究生科研创新基金项目“裂缝性致密火山岩气藏工作液损害实验评价方法研究”(2022KYCX029)。

摘　　要：致密/页岩油气藏地质条件复杂,入井工作液种类繁多,会造成多尺度储层损害,导致油气井减产严重,开发效益不理想。文中梳理了致密/页岩油气藏多尺度工程地质特征,分析了特殊的储层损害机理,总结了现有储层损害控制技术,并展望了储层保护技术发展方向。致密/页岩油气藏储层损害呈现多尺度特征,具有流体敏感性、氧敏性、应力敏感性、出砂/岩粉、盐析等特征,井间压窜是主要的储层损害方式之一,会诱发多种损害叠加;钻井过程储层损害控制技术有孔缝暂堵技术与界面修饰技术,压裂过程有泡沫压裂液、控液提砂的高强度体积压裂等技术,文中还提出了漏失控制-储层保护-增产改造一体化的预撑裂缝暂堵技术;未来需要研发储层损害预测-诊断专家系统、原地自降解暂堵材料、自支撑裂缝减量增渗保缝技术、适度压裂促缝保缝技术及高效环保型储层损害解除技术,强化储层损害机理与储层保护机理,研发致密/页岩油气勘探开发全过程储层保护-增产改造-提采一体化技术,保有产、护高产,保增产、护稳产。The geological conditions of tight/shale oil and gas reservoirs are complicated,and there are many kinds of working fluids entering the well,which cause multi-scale reservoir damage and serious production reduction of oil and gas wells,and the development benefits are not ideal.This paper reviews the multi-scale engineering geological characteristics of tigh/shale reservoirs,analyzes the special reservoir damage mechanism,summarizes the existing reservoir damage control technology,and looks forward to the development direction of reservoir protection technology.The reservoir damage of tight/shale oil and gas reservoir shows multi-scale characteristics,such as fluid sensitivity,oxygen sensitivity,stress sensitivity,sand/rock powder production,salting out,etc.Inter-wellfrac-hit is one of the main reservoir damage modes,which can cause multiple damage superposition.In the process of drilling,the reservoir damage control technology in the drlling process includes temporary plugging technology and interface modification technology.In the fracturing process,the technologies include foam fracturing fluid and high strength volume fracturing technology with fluid controll and sand increase.The pre-proppant fracture plugging technology integrated with leakage control,reservoir protection,stimulation and improvement is proposed.It is necessary to develop reservoir damage prediction and diagnosis expert system,in-situ self-degradation temporary plugging materials,self-supporting fracture reduction and increase permeabilityfracture-preserving technology,moderate fracturing promoting fracture and preserving fracture technology and efficient and environmentally friendly reservoir damage relief technology.It is also needed to strengthen reservoir damage mechanism and reservoir protection mechanism,and develop reservoir protection-simulation and improvement-enhanced oil recovery integration technology in the whole process of tight/shale oil and gas exploration and development,so as to maintain and protect high production,and incr

关 键 词：致密油气 页岩油气 储层损害 提高采收率 压窜 

分 类 号：TE258[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]