微流控生物电阻抗传感检测芯片技术综述  

Review on microfluidic bio-impedance sensing chip technologies

作　　者：方文静 陈津 黄汐威 孙玲玲[1] FANG Wenjing;CHEN Jin;HUANG Xiwei;SUN Lingling(Innovation Center for Electronic Design Automation Technology,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州电子科技大学EDA技术创新中心,杭州310018

出　　处：《集成电路与嵌入式系统》2025年第2期26-40,共15页Integrated Circuits and Embedded Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(62271184);浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(LZ22F010007);浙江省属高校基本科研业务费项目(GK249909299001);国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2022YFD2000100)。

摘　　要：随着单细胞异质性研究的深入,细胞电学特性成为疾病诊断和精准医学的重要研究方向。微流控生物电阻抗传感检测芯片通过高精度测量细胞在电场中的阻抗变化,无需标记即可获取细胞尺寸、膜电容、细胞质电导率等细胞电学特性,显著提升了对细胞异质性的检测能力。相比传统方法,微流控生物电阻抗检测芯片技术具有高灵敏度、操作简便、无损检测等优势,在疾病早期诊断、药物筛选以及个性化治疗中展现出广泛的应用前景。文章首先阐述了该技术的基本原理与系统设计;接着分析了微流控通道与电极配置的优化进展,并讨论了其在细胞分类检测、药物评估等领域的应用;最后,分析了当前面临的技术挑战与未来发展趋势,并展望了其在精准医学和疾病早期诊断中的广泛应用前景。With the advancement of research on single-cell heterogeneity,cellular electrophysical properties have become a crucial focus in disease diagnosis and precision medicine.Microfluidic bioelectrical impedance detection chips measure the impedance changes of cells in an electric field with high precision,enabling the label-free acquisition of cellular electrophysical characteristics such as cell size,membrane capacitance,and cytoplasmic conductivity.This significantly enhances the ability to detect cellular heterogeneity.Compared to traditional methods,microfluidic bioelectrical impedance detection chip technology offers advantages such as high sensitivity,simplicity of operation,and non-destructive detection,demonstrating broad application prospects in early disease diagnosis,drug screening,and personalized treatment.This review first elaborates on the basic principles and system design of the technology,then analyzes the progress in optimizing microfluidic channels and electrode configurations,and discusses its applications in cell classification,drug evaluation,and other fields.Finally,the review examines current technical challenges and future development trends,highlighting its potential for widespread application in precision medicine and early disease diagnosis.

关 键 词：微流控 生物芯片 电阻抗检测 细胞电学特性 单细胞分析 

分 类 号：TP872[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]