面向脑类器官的微电极阵列技术发展现状及趋势  

Current status and trends of microelectrode array for brain organoids

作　　者：肖禹 陈荣荣 陈康明 陈海松 林芃 何恩慧 纪俊峰 XIAO Yu;CHEN Rongrong;CHEN Kangming;CHEN Haisong;LIN Peng;HE Enhui;JI Junfeng(College of Computer Science and Technology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310012,China;The State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;School of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute,Hangzhou 311121,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学计算机科学与技术学院,杭州310012 [2]浙江大学脑机智能全国重点实验室,杭州310027 [3]浙江大学医学院,杭州310058 [4]南湖脑机交叉研究院,杭州311121

出　　处：《集成电路与嵌入式系统》2025年第2期55-63,共9页Integrated Circuits and Embedded Systems

基　　金：科技部国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFF1203600);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(62301483);浙江省“尖兵”研发攻关计划项目(2024C03001)。

摘　　要：脑类器官是通过人多能干细胞自我组织和诱导分化产生的体外三维细胞培养物,能够部分模拟人脑结构及功能。微电极阵列(Microelectrode Array,MEA)技术能够低损伤、高通量、高时空分辨率地检测脑类器官电生理活动,为脑类器官神经网络的功能表征提供高效的检测平台。脑类器官与MEA技术的融合在神经系统发育及疾病机理研究、生物神经网络智能计算以及在体修复领域引发了广泛关注。在神经系统发育及疾病机理研究方面,MEA技术能够实时长期追踪脑类器官的动态发育过程,并且通过检测不同疾病来源脑类器官的电生理参数信息探究疾病发病机理。在生物神经网络智能计算方面,脑类器官具有异质的三维网络结构和可塑性,是良好的计算载体,通过与MEA的交互,能够构建低功耗、高效率的计算平台。同时,MEA技术在基于脑类器官为载体的神经系统修复领域展现出了广阔的技术应用前景。Brain organoids are three-dimensional cell aggregates produced in vitro through the self-organization and differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells,which can partially recapiculate the structure and function of the brain in humans.Microelectrode array(MEA)technology is capable of high-throughput detecting the electrophysiological activities of brain organoids with low damage,and high spatiotemporal resolution,thereby providing an efficient platform for the functional characterization of brain organoid neural networks.The integration of brain organoids with MEA technology has attracted widespread attentions in the fields of nervous system development and disease mechanism research,biological neural network intelligent computing,and in vivo repair.In the area of nervous system development and disease mechanism research,MEA technology can long-term track the dynamic developmental process of brain organoids in real time and probe the pathogenesis of diseases by detecting the electrophysiological activities of brain organoids derived from various nervous system diseases.In the avenue of biological neural network intelligent computing research,brain organoids are excellent computing devices attributed to their heterogeneous three-dimensional network structures and plasticity.Therefore,a highly efficient computing platform with low energy cost can be constructed through interaction of brain organoids with MEA.Furthermore,MEA technology shows potential technical application prospects in nervous system repair based on brain organoids.

关 键 词：脑类器官 微电极阵列 神经系统疾病 神经计算 神经系统修复 

分 类 号：TN495[电子电信—微电子学与固体电子学]