英国国家公园志愿服务管理体系特征  

Characteristics of the Volunteer Service Management System for National Parks in the United Kingdom

作　　者：任天祎 洪传博 王应临[1,2] REN Tianyi;HONG Chuanbo;WANG Yinglin(the School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University;Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,Beijing Forestry University)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院 [2]北京林业大学城乡生态环境北京实验室

出　　处：《风景园林》2025年第2期28-35,共8页Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：【目的】补充当前对英国国家公园志愿服务管理体系研究的缺失,可为构建中国国家公园志愿服务管理体系提供借鉴与启示。【方法】系统梳理英国国家公园志愿服务管理相关政策文件和资料,采用文本分析法,分析英国国家公园志愿服务管理体系核心特征,针对中国国家公园志愿服务管理现状提出相关建议。【结果】英国国家公园志愿服务管理体系依托国家总体志愿服务管理体系和坚持国家公园管理局领导的基本前提,在构建合作伙伴协同管理体系、提供广泛且多元的志愿服务参与渠道、塑造丰富而深入的志愿服务体验等方面具有独特性。【结论】明确中国国家公园志愿服务管理体系构建的核心定位——体现国家公园全民公益属性重要载体,结合实践从管理组织、志愿者管理、志愿服务管理3个方面提出建议,为中国国家公园志愿服务管理体系的发展提供了理论依据和实践参考。[Objective]The volunteer service management system is considered to be an important way to achieve the vision and goals of national parks.However,the current volunteer service management system for national parks in China has not yet been established.The United Kingdom(“UK”),with its well-developed and mature volunteer service management system under the management of the National Parks Authority(NPA)and related partners,provides an exemplary model for the establishment of the volunteer service management system for national parks.In the UK,over 5,000 volunteers actively provide volunteer services in various national parks annually,aiding the NPA in conserving natural and cultural heritage and improving visitor experience.This research aims to critically analyze and summarize the core characteristics of the UK's volunteer service management system for national parks,so as to offer insights and references for China's ongoing efforts in establishing its own volunteer service management system for national parks.[Methods]This research takes 14 national parks in the UK as the research object,collects the official data and literature on national parks in the UK and systematically sorts out special management contents such as management documents,management agencies,and management funds through text analysis.Then the research summarizes the characteristics of volunteer service management in each national park and combines similar characteristics,based on which the characteristics of the universal volunteer service management system for national parks in the UK are finally summarized.Meanwhile,on the basis of literature review,this research searches relevant official data on the first batch of national parks announced in China,analyzes such contents as management documents,activity management,and personnel recruitment management,and compares the same horizontally with the volunteer service management system for national parks in the UK so as to analyze the shortcomings of the volunteer service management system for

关 键 词：风景园林 英国国家公园 志愿服务 全民公益性 合作管理 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]