南岭国家公园(拟建)多层级生态廊道体系构建  

Construction of Multi-level Ecological Corridor System for National Parks:A Case Study of the Proposed Nanling National Park

作　　者：邓毅[1,2] 黄泽宇 毛子一 黄金玲 DENG Yi;HUANG Zeyu;MAO Ziyi;HUANG Jinling(the School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Guangzhou University;the National Park Research Center of Guangzhou University;the School of Resources and Planning,Guangzhou Xinhua University)

机构地区：[1]广州大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]广州大学国家公园研究中心 [3]广州新华学院资源与城乡规划系

出　　处：《风景园林》2025年第2期43-53,共11页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：广东省林业局国家公园建设专项“南岭国家公园生态廊道体系研究与建设方案编制”。

摘　　要：【目的】探索适应未来环境变化、耦合生态系统层级结构、实行差异化建设管控的国家公园生态廊道体系,有助于缓解生境破碎化、强化国家公园功能。【方法】以拟建南岭国家公园为例,依据生态系统服务功能重要性,识别区域层级生态源地;结合气候与相关规划模拟未来情景,采用MaxEnt模型进行生境适宜性评价,识别园区层级生态源地。在各层级阻力面的基础上采用电路理论模型提取生态廊道,再基于地理探测器识别源地的生态本底特征,从而确定廊道宽度与生态踏脚石,并通过踏脚石进行层级嵌套。最终依据生态本底特征进行景观异质性分析,制定差异化建设管控内容。【结果】在南岭国家公园生态廊道体系中,分别构建区域与园区2个层级的生态廊道990条、154条,将13个生态踏脚石与52条区域层级生态廊道进行层级嵌套连接。将园区层级生态廊道划分为三大类建设管控分区,以林业小班为空间单元制定了12小类差异化建设管控内容。【结论】多层级生态廊道体系的建立,提高了廊道对未来环境变化的适应性,增强了国家公园园区内部生境的连通性及园区与更大尺度区域的连通性,可有效支撑生态廊道的建设与实施,增强了国家公园在自然保护地体系中的主体支撑作用。[Objective]Influenced by natural environmental changes and human activities,habitat fragmentation has become a widespread phenomenon in protected areas.Constructing ecological corridors is an effective measure to mitigate habitat fragmentation.However,the current construction of ecological corridors faces challenges,such as not being able to adapt to future environmental changes,not being able to correspond to the multi-layered structure of ecosystems,and not being able to clarify the specific content of construction control.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the ecological corridor system of national parks that can adapt to future environmental changes,correspond to the multi-level attributes of ecosystems,and implement differentiated construction control.[Methods]This research establishes a framework for the construction of a multi-level ecological corridor system.Taking Nanling National Park as an example,this research first sets the overall goal of improving the connectivity of habitats within Nanling National Park and the spatial continuity of ecosystem service functions between Nanling National Park and peripheral areas outside the park at a larger scale.Based on the overall objective,the proposed levels are determined to be the ecosystem level corresponding to the region where the national park is located(regional level)and the community level corresponding to the park(park level).At the regional level,ecological source areas are identified based on the importance of ecosystem service functions,and resistance surfaces are created using factors that hinder the flow of ecological materials.Ecological corridors are extracted based on the circuit theory model.At the park level,ecological source areas are identified based on species habitat suitability.The method of future scenario simulation is introduced in the identification of ecological source areas,and the future environmental data are obtained through two climate models(ssp126 and ssp585)and related plans.Based on the current environmental

关 键 词：国家公园 生态廊道 建设管控分区 未来情景模拟 生境适宜性 生态系统服务功能 多层级 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]