上海市不同类型绿色暴露对心血管疾病死亡率的影响路径  

Pathways Through Which Green Exposure Type Influences Cardiovascular Diseases Mortality in Shanghai,China

作　　者：黄建中[1] 许燕婷 王兰[1] 何周倩 HUANG Jianzhong;XU Yanting;WANG Lan;HE Zhouqian(the College of Architecture and Urban Planning(CAUP),Tongji University;Wuhan Natural Resources and Planning Information Center)

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]武汉市自然资源和规划信息中心

出　　处：《风景园林》2025年第2期72-78,共7页Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：【目的】城市绿色空间的健康效应已被广泛认可,但现有研究忽视不同类型的绿色暴露对心血管疾病影响的路径差异性。【方法】以上海市212个街道为研究对象,运用偏最小二乘法结构方程模型探究不同类型的绿色暴露(植被覆盖率、公园可达性、街道绿视率和人均绿地面积)对心血管疾病死亡率的影响机制。【结果】街道绿视率、植被覆盖率能够通过改善居民日常体力活动水平,降低心血管疾病死亡率,而不同类型的绿色暴露均不能通过影响PM_(2.5)颗粒物浓度和极端高温天气对心血管疾病死亡率产生影响。同时,建筑密度、道路密度和土地利用混合度对心血管疾病死亡率均有直接的影响,但仅建筑密度能通过体力活动水平间接地影响心血管疾病死亡率。【结论】通过揭示不同类型的绿色暴露对心血管疾病死亡率的影响路径,为城市规划与设计中提升居民日常绿色暴露水平、促进公众健康提供参考。[Objective]Rapid urbanization has exacerbated traffic congestion,aggravated air and noise pollution,and limited public spaces,increasing the risk of suffering cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)such as hypertension and heart disease.Urban green spaces play a vital role in mitigating these risks by promoting mental restoration,reducing stress,encouraging outdoor exercise,improving air quality,and regulating temperature.The current research is identified with the following shortcomings despite the revealment of multiple positive health effects of urban green space.First,the research often focuses on single green exposure type,such as park accessibility or vegetation cover,overlooking the diverse pathways through which different green exposures influence cardiovascular health.Second,using streets or neighborhoods as research units can more comprehensively capture the group effect on health from people's use of green space,and more specifically reveal the integrated effect of social interaction among residents,group behaviors and community public resources on health.Lastly,street-level analyses allow more precise environmental data integration,such as data on air pollution and temperature,which is often challenging in smaller individual-level units.Therefore,there is a need to conduct research on the influence of urban green exposure on CVDs mortality at the street level.[Methods]This research uses the partial least squares structural equation modeling(PLS-SEM)to analyze how different types of green exposure(vegetation cover,park accessibility,street green visibility,and park area per capita)influence cardiovascular disease mortality in 212 communities in Shanghai,China.The model incorporates three key mediating factors:Air pollution(measured by PM_(2.5) concentration),extreme high temperature,and physical activity level.Through this approach,the research examines both the direct and indirect effects of vegetation coverage,park accessibility,street greenery,and per capita park area on CVDs mortality.The research draws on d

关 键 词：健康城市 绿色空间 暴露类型 心血管疾病死亡率 影响路径 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]