道路窨井盖-井周路面的病害处治与智慧检测监管综述  

Distress Treatment,Intelligent Detection,and Supervision for Road Manhole Covers-surrounding Pavement:A Review

作　　者：查旭东[1] 眭子凡 张浚轩 许海信 ZHA Xu-dong;SUI Zi-fan;ZHANG Jun-xuan;XU Hai-xin(School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,Hunan,China;Zhaoqing Highway Affairs Center,Zhaoqing 526040,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]肇庆市公路事务中心,广东肇庆526040

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2024年第12期357-380,共24页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51878077);肇庆市公路事务中心科技项目(202201);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20240755)。

摘　　要：窨井作为城镇道路的重要附属设施之一,在日益增长的交通荷载作用下易发生沉陷、倾斜和破损,井周路面也随之诱发开裂、沉降和松散等各种病害。车辆驶过病害窨井盖-井周路面时,行车安全性和舒适性变差,且会产生噪声污染,严重影响着道路的使用性能和周边居民的生活品质。为此,通过收集整理国内外相关研究成果,基于试验、理论及模拟方法分析了窨井盖-井周路面病害的诱发机制,从结构优化、材料优选和设备革新等多角度评述了病害处治技术的发展现状;结合智能交通系统建设理念,剖析了窨井盖-井周路面智慧检测与监管技术取得的研究成果和局限因素,并据此展望该领域未来发展趋势。结果表明:窨井盖-井周路面在行车动载作用下病害率高达58.9%,主要病害类型为结构沉降及路面开裂,其中沉降量大多在3 cm以内,开裂范围则集中分布于井周15~40 cm区域;病害的主要成因包括井盖砂浆垫层破碎、井圈缺失、路基路面压实度不达标及井盖承载力不足等;通过优化井盖-井周路面结构、提高井盖垫层和井周路面修复材料性能、改进井盖的调平方式等方法,可有效延缓和处治井盖-井周路面病害;基于移动测量系统、无人航测机及智能手机等设备,结合深度学习算法可实现对窨井盖与井周路面及其病害的自动识别和快速判定;联合信息处理、网络传输与感知识别等技术可搭建较为完备的井盖智慧监管系统,实现对窨井盖-井周路面的建管养一体化管理。Manholes are important ancillary facilities on urban roads and are prone to subsidence,tilting,and damage under the action of increasing traffic loads.Additionally,the pavement around manholes experiences various types of distress such as cracking,settlement,and loosening.When vehicles pass through distressed manhole covers-surrounding pavement,a decline in driving safety and comfort is noticeable and noise pollution is generated,which negatively affects the road performance and quality of life of neighboring residents.For these reasons,by collecting and sorting the relevant research results,the inducing mechanisms of distress for manhole covers-surrounding pavement were analyzed based on experimental,theoretical,and simulation methods.The development status of distress treatment technology was reviewed from the perspectives of structural optimization,material selection,and equipment innovation.Combined with the concept of intelligent transportation system construction,the achievements and limitations of the research on intelligent detection and supervision technology of manhole cover-surrounding pavement distress were evaluated,and the development trends in this field were investigated.The results show that the distress rate of the manhole cover-surrounding pavement is as high as 58.9%under dynamic driving loads,and the main distress types encompass structural settlement and pavement cracking.Specifically,the former primarily occurs within 3 cm,whereas the latter is concentrated in an area of 15-40 cm around the manholes.Various factors contribute to these distresses,including a crushed mortar cushion under the manhole cover,lack of manhole rings,substandard compaction of the subgrade and pavement,and low bearing capacity of the manhole cover.Successful methods have been proposed for effective distress delay and treatment,such as optimizing the structure of the manhole cover-surrounding pavement,improving the properties of materials used in the manhole cover cushion and surrounding pavement repair,and refining t

关 键 词：路面工程 病害处治 综述 井周路面 诱发机制 智慧检测 智慧监管 

分 类 号：U418.6[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]