黄胸织雀burmanicus亚种的筑巢行为、巢特征及巢址选择  

Nesting Behavior,Nest Characteristics and Nest Site Selection of Ploceus philippinus burmanicus

作　　者：李琴 范仕祥 翁智伟 陈兴莲 罗旭 LI Qin;FAN Shixiang;WENG Zhiwei;CHEN Xinglian;LUO Xu(Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan,College of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Yunnan Wildlife Park,Kunming 650225,China;College of Biological Science and Food Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院,云南省高校极小种群野生动物保育重点实验室,昆明650224 [2]云南野生动物园,昆明650225 [3]西南林业大学生物与食品工程学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《四川动物》2025年第1期39-47,共9页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U23A20162);西南林业大学林学一流学科建设经费项目。

摘　　要：黄胸织雀Ploceus philippinus的巢复杂且精巧,国内仅有burmanicus亚种分布,但其巢结构、编织过程和筑巢地偏好等研究缺乏。2022年和2024年对云南省保山市昌宁县湾甸乡枯柯河流域的黄胸织雀繁殖地进行了调查,发现雌鸟通过雄鸟建造的盔状巢进行配偶选择,配对之后雌雄个体共同完成筑巢。对11个巢的形态结构进行观察和测量,发现巢分为巢悬挂、巢室和巢口通道3个部分,巢悬挂的长度为(32.38±16.97)cm、宽度为(8.26±2.23)cm;巢室的长度为(24.10±2.96)cm、宽度为(17.12±1.74)cm、厚度为(1.10±0.22)cm;巢口通道的长度为(20.30±5.22)cm、宽度为(8.16±0.80)cm、厚度为(0.50±0.23)cm;巢室内腔的内径为(6.34±0.70)cm、深度为(9.76±1.85)cm;巢的总重量为(67.50±18.51)g。采用广义线性混合效应模型分析150个繁殖巢的巢址特征,结果发现黄胸织雀倾向于在水面侧、巢下植被覆盖度大、距居民点较远且靠近农田的高大乔木上筑巢。本研究详细报道了黄胸织雀burmanicus亚种的筑巢行为、巢特征及巢址选择,为物种的繁殖生物学研究提供了基础数据。The nests of the baya weavers(Ploceus philippinus)are highly complex and intricate,and quite unique.However,the nest structure,weaving process,and nest site selection of this species in China are less studied.In this study,field surveys were conducted on the nests of P.philippinus in the Kukehe River Basin,Wandian Dai Autonomous Township,Changning County,Baoshan City,Yunnan Province in 2022 and 2024.The results showed that the females would select mates based on the helmet-stage-nests built by the males,and then the males and females would work together to complete the nest.Morphological measurements for 11 nests revealed that the nests were mainly consisted of three parts:pendulous supporting section,nest bowl,and entrance tunnel.The length of pendulous supporting section was 32.38 cm±16.97 cm,and the width was 8.26 cm±2.23 cm.The length of nest bowl was 24.10 cm±2.96 cm,the width was 17.12 cm±1.74 cm,and the thickness was 1.10 cm±0.22 cm.The entrance tunnel length of the nest was 20.30 cm±5.22 cm,the width was 8.16 cm±0.80 cm,and the thickness was 0.50 cm±0.23 cm.The diameter of the nest interior cavity was 6.34 cm±0.70 cm,and the depth was 9.76 cm±1.85 cm.The total weight of the nest was 67.50 g±18.51 g.The nest site characteristics of 150 breeding nests were analyzed by using a generalized linear mixed effects model to evaluate the nest site selection.The results showed that these birds preferred to build nests on tall trees near water,with high vegetation coverage below the nest,far from human settlements but close to farmland.This study provides detailed data on the nesting behaviors,nest characteristics,and nest site selection,and thus promotes further research on the reproductive ecology of P.philippinus.

关 键 词：黄胸织雀burmanicus亚种 筑巢行为 巢特征 巢址选择 

分 类 号：Q959.7[生物学—动物学]