昆明城市化对滇蛙食性的影响  

Effects of Urbanization on the Nidirana pleuraden Diet in Kunming

作　　者：闫莹芝 邬丕丽 李奇生[1] YAN Yingzhi;WU Pili;LI Qisheng(Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan,Forestry College,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,云南省高校极小种群野生动物保育重点实验室/林学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《四川动物》2025年第1期48-56,共9页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2024Y597)。

摘　　要：通过比较滇蛙Nidirana pleuraden在不同城市化环境中食物组成的异同,以探讨城市化对两栖类食性的影响。2021年和2022年的6月在昆明选取9个地点,划分为城市、农村和自然3个组,并采用催吐法收集滇蛙胃容物。通过Kruskal-Wallis和Dunn’s检验评估整体以及组间个体捕食频次和食物体积的差异;利用Simper排序分析不同猎物贡献差异。结果显示:(1)农村与城市中滇蛙个体捕食频次存在显著差异(P<0.05,Z=−2.18),且食物体积存在极显著差异(χ_(2)=14.91,P<0.01,df=2);随着城市化程度加剧,滇蛙食物多样性、食物体积和生态位宽度呈下降趋势。(2)不同环境中的食物组成较为相似,存在显著差异的类群为大蚊科Tipulidae、瓢甲科Coccinellidae、蜚蠊科Blattidae和叶蝉科Cicadellidae。(3)与1998—2003年的数据相比,滇蛙的食物类群减少。研究结果表明随着城市化的加剧,滇蛙增加了对低质量食物的摄取,符合最优觅食理论预测。In this study,the similarities and differences in food composition of the Yunnan pond frog(Nidirana pleu⁃raden)in different urbanized environments were compared to explore the effects of urbanization on amphibian diet.In June 2021 and June 2022,nine sites in Kunming were selected and divided into three groups:urban,rural and natural.N.pleu⁃raden were obtained from each site and their gastric contents were collected by an emetic method.Subsequently,Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s tests were used to assess the significance of individual predation frequencies and food volumes.Moreover,different prey contribution categories were analyzed by Simper sequencing.A total of 174 stomach content samples from N.pleuraden were analyzed,comprising 693 prey items and 43 prey groups.The results showed the following:(1)the predatory frequency of individual was significantly different between rural and urban environments(P<0.05,Z=−2.18),and the prey volume was also extreme significantly different(χ^(2)=14.91,P<0.01,df=2).With increased urbanization,the food diversity,food volume,and niche breadth decreased.(2)The prey composition in different environments was similar,while significantly different prey groups were detected in Tipulidae,Coccinellidae,Blattidae,and Cicadellidae.(3)Compared to the documented data of 1998−2003,the prey groups of N.pleuraden decreased.This study suggests that the increase of urbanization increases the intake of low-quality prey of N.pleuraden,which is consistent with the optimal foraging theory.

关 键 词：土地类型 两栖类 最优取食理论 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学] Q959.5