2012-2022年泰安市学校传染病突发公共卫生事件流行特征分析  

Epidemiological analysis on public health emergencies of infectious diseases at schools in Taian between 2012 and 2022

作　　者：徐丽莎[1] 宋伟[2] 刘雪贞 贾晨雨 XU Lisha;SONG Wei;LIU Xuezhen;JIA Chenyu(Taian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taian,shandong 271000,China;Taian NO.1 High School Of Shandong province 2023 grade,Taian,shandong 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]泰安市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,山东泰安271000 [2]泰安市疾病预防控制中心质量管理科,山东泰安271000 [3]泰安市疾病预防控制中心慢性病防制科,山东泰安271000 [4]山东省泰安第一中学,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《社区医学杂志》2024年第24期827-831,共5页Journal Of Community Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2012-2022年泰安市学校传染病突发公共卫生事件的流行特征,为有效应对学校传染病突发事件及制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法从“突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统”中收集2012-01-01-2022-12-31泰安市学校传染病突发公共卫生事件的信息,应用描述性流行病学方法进行分析,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果2012-2022年泰安市报告学校传染病突发公共卫生事件90起,占同期报告突发公共卫生事件总数(212起)的42.45%(90/212),波及人口数为78994人,发病数为2142例,罹患率为2.71%(2142/78994)。以丙类传染病为主,报告68起,占75.56%(68/90)。报告病种以手足口病37起,占41.11%(37/90)、其他感染性腹泻病16起,占17.78%(16/90)、流行性感冒11起,占12.22%(11/90)为主。不同病种罹患率之间的差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=108.93,P<0.001。不同地区罹患率之间的差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=178.39,P<0.001。不同年份罹患率之间的差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=209.31,P<0.001。不同类别学校罹患率之间的差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=102.72,P<0.001。发病具有双峰特征,分别为5~6月和11~12月。学校传染病突发公共卫生事件发生时间到接报时间的中位数是0.03 d,事件持续时间中位数为16.81 d。结论学校是传染病突发公共卫生事件发生的重要场所,尤其是幼儿园。应加强疫苗接种和学校疫情监测,早报告,早处置,避免疫情传播和蔓延。Objective To analyze the characteristics of public health emergencies of infectious diseases at schools in Taian from 2012 to 2022,and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control strategies,Methods The information of public health emergencies of infectious diseases breaking out at schools were collected in Taian from 2012 to 2022 for descriptive epidemiology analysis,Chi-square test was used to compare the rates.Results A total of 90 public health emergencies of infectious diseases breaking out at schools across Taian were reported from 2012 to 2022,accounting for 42.45%(90/212)of the total of public health events(212)breaking out during the same period.The number of people affected is 78,994 and there were 2142 morbidity cases with an incidence rate of 2.71%(2.142/78,994).The class C infectious diseases dominated and 68 cases were reported,accounting for 75.56%(68/90).Reported cases were dominated by 37 cases with hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)accounting for 41.11%(37/90),16 cases with infectious diarrhea accounting for17.78%(16/90),11 cases with influenza,accounting for 12.22%(11/90).The differences in attack rates between different diseases were statistically significant,χ^(2)=108.93,P<0.001.The differences in attack rates between different regions were statistically significant,χ^(2)=178.39,P<0.001.The differences in attack rates between different years were statistically significant,χ^(2)=209.31,P<0.001.The differences in attack rates between different types of schools were statistically significant,χ^(2)=102.72,P<0.001.The incidents were characterized with bimodal features extending from May to June,and the secondary peak was November to December.The median of reporting time of public health emergencies was0.03 days,and the median duration of events was 16.81 days.Conclusions Schools,especially for kindergartens,are considered to be primary places where public health emergencies of infectious diseases occur.It is necessary to strengthen the vaccination and continue to monitor school infectio

关 键 词：学校 传染病 突发公共卫生事件 流行特征 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]