基于差分进化算法控制的太阳双轴跟踪系统  

Solar dual-axis tracking control system based on DE control

作　　者：刘二林[1] 李杰 LIU Erlin;LI Jie(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学机电工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《传感器与微系统》2025年第2期147-150,共4页Transducer and Microsystem Technologies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72171106);科技部重点专项项目(SQ2020YFF0413296);甘肃省兰州市人才创新创业项目(2019-RC-103)。

摘　　要：针对太阳双轴跟踪控制系统中跟踪精度低、多干扰的缺点,提出了基于差分进化(DE)算法-模糊PID的复合控制策略。采用DE算法优化PID初始参数,并通过模糊控制器对PID参数进行动态修正。论述了太阳双轴跟踪系统的工作原理和DE算法的实现流程,并建立了太阳高度角传动机构的数学模型,在MATLAB中进行仿真。最后,用真实的太阳轨迹验证控制效果。仿真和实验结果表明:该控制方法比模糊PID和常规PID控制速度快且超调量小。改善了系统的动态性能,提高了系统的跟踪精度,实现了在多变环境中对太阳的精确跟踪。Aiming at short comings of low tracking precision and numerous disturbances of the solar dual-axis tracking control system,a composite control strategy based on differential evolution(DE)algorithm-fuzzy PID is proposed.The initial PID parameters are optimized using the DE algorithm,and a fuzzy controller corrects the PID parameters dynamically.The mathematical model of the solar altitude angle drive mechanism is built and simulated in MATLAB,and the operation principle of the solar dual-axis tracking system and the DE algorithm implementation process are presented.Finally,a genuine sun trajectory is used to confirm the control effect.The simulation and experimental results show that the control approach is faster and has less overshoot than fuzzy PID and traditional PID control.It improves the dynamic performance of the system,increases the tracking precision of the system,and achieves accurate tracking of the sun in a variable environment.

关 键 词：太阳跟踪系统 差分进化算法 计算机仿真 模糊PID 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TK519[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]