浑源窑黑釉剔花与黑釉瓷物化组成与制备工艺  

Composition and Micro-Structure of Black-Glazed Carving Wares and Black Glazed Waves of Hunyuan Kiln

作　　者：王甜 宋思樾 王秀玲 侯亮亮 王芬[1] 王莹[1] 李强[4,5] 罗宏杰[1,5] 朱建锋[1] WANG Tian;SONG Siyue;WANG Xiuling;HOU Liangliang;WANG Fen;WANG Ying;LI Qiang;LUO Hongjie;ZHU Jianfeng(School of Conservation Science&Technology for Cultural Heritage,School of Material Science&Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi'an 710021,China;School of Yungang,Shanxi Datong University,Datong 037000,Shanxi,China;School of History and Culture,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Shanghai Institute of Ceramics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200050,China;Key Laboratory of Silicate Cultural Relics Conservation(Shanghai University),Ministry of Education,Shanghai 20444,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院,文物保护科学与技术学院,西安710021 [2]山西大同大学云冈学学院,山西大同037000 [3]山西大学考古文博学院,太原030006 [4]中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所,上海200050 [5]硅酸盐质文物保护教育部重点实验室(上海大学),上海200444

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2025年第1期125-135,共11页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62205191,52272019,52272020);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2023WGZJ-YB-45,2024WZ-YBXM-07);陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划项目(2022JY008);硅酸盐质文物保护教育部重点试验室(上海大学)开放课题(SCRC2024KF02ZD,SCRC2024KF04TS)。

摘　　要：通过对比研究浑源窑黑釉剔花瓷与黑釉瓷的胎釉微观形貌、晶体种类及分布、釉玻璃相结构及釉中铁元素价态,解析胎釉的原料特点与釉的呈色机理,揭示剔花瓷与黑釉瓷的制备工艺的异同。结果表明:二者胎釉采用相似原料与烧成工艺,但剔花瓷釉中更高的CaO,在胎釉结构处分布的钙长石结晶层,有效增加了花纹与胎体的结合性;黑釉剔花瓷胎相对釉具有更高浓度TiO_(2)和更低浓度Mn O_(2)与Fe_(2)O_(3),使得剔花装饰形成强烈的黑白对比,具有浮雕之感。釉面分布的枝状ε-Fe_(2)O_(3)晶体,有效提高了釉面光泽度,进一步增强了装饰效果。此外,釉面还发现少量黑色镁铁尖晶石。Introduction Datong,located in the northern of Shanxi province of China,has an important transportation hub,connecting the Central Plains and Inner Mongolia.Various cultures converge in Datong and form rich aesthetics,reflecting in the famous carving black-glazed wares produced during Jin and Yuan Dynasties in Hunyun kilns located in Hunyuan county,Datong.The carving wares are characterized by gray-white body decorated with carved black glazed patterns.Such a gray-white and black contrast gives the patterns a relief-like decoration.Many researches were devoted to analyze regional features,decorative themes and technology of black-glazed carved wares by conventional archaeological methods.Wang et al.investigated one piece of black-glazed carved ware by micro-Raman spectroscopy and found a large number ofε-Fe_(2)O_(3),a few hematite and magnesio-ferrite on the glaze surface,leading to the brown tune of the carved black patterns.However,the lack of the microstructure,chemical and mineral composition of carved black-glazed wares leads to the raw materials and firing protocol of black glazed carving wares,and its relationship to ordinary pure black glazed is still unclear.In this work,carved black-glazed wares and pure black glazed wares of Hunyuan kilns were investigated by a series of analytical techniques.The characteristic of raw materials and firing protocol of black glazed carving ware and its relationship to black glazed ware were discussed.Methods Eleven fragments were excavated from Jiezhuang village,Hunyuan county,Datong,China,which could be dated to Jin and Yuan Dynasties according to the archaeological layer.The fragments were prepared as cross-sections by a cold mounting method.The details were described in elsewhere.The morphology,chemical composition,mineral composition and valence state of colorant elements of glaze and body were measured by a model VXH-7000 optical microscope(OM,KEYENCE Co.,Japan),a model XGT-7200 X-ray fluorescence(XRF,Horiba Co.,Japan),a model Renishaw-invia micro-Raman spectroscop

关 键 词：浑源窑 黑釉剔花瓷 原料特征 制备工艺 显微共聚焦Raman光谱 

分 类 号：TB3216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]