单轴作用下煤损伤破坏过程的声发射特性及前兆信号识别  

Acoustic Emission Characteristics and Precursory Signal Recognition of Coal Damage and Failure under Uniaxial Loading

作　　者：赵煜坤 王帅旗 曹阔 ZHAO Yukun;WANG Shuaiqi;CAO Kuo(Shanxi Jincheng Qincheng Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Jincheng 048200,China;School of Safety Engineering,North China Institute of Science and Technology,Yanjiao 065201,China)

机构地区：[1]山西晋城沁城煤业有限责任公司,山西晋城048200 [2]华北科技学院安全工程学院,河北燕郊065201

出　　处：《煤》2025年第2期77-82,共6页Coal

摘　　要：在深部地下矿山工程中,煤突然破坏前的关键预警信号对于预测煤岩动力灾变、促进煤炭工业可持续发展至关重要。因此,为了准确识别煤体破裂前兆信号,采用单轴压缩试验。对原煤和型煤试样进行了试验,利用声发射(AE)技术捕捉了原煤和型煤试样的变形破坏过程。进一步讨论了声发射能量的信号强度。基于临界慢化理论,对声发射能量序列进行处理。结果表明,初始孔隙裂隙对煤体强度的影响存在显著差异。在整个加载过程中,声发射能量信号表现出明显的阶段性特征,在不稳定破裂发育(URD)阶段,煤体存在快速蓄能的高风险,预示着煤体即将发生破坏。不受滞后步长选择影响的方差突变点比自相关系数更容易识别,且前导点均处于URD阶段,比使用AE累积能量曲线斜率更准确。In deep underground coal mine engineering,the key warning signals before the sudden failure of coal are crucial for predicting coal and rock dynamic disasters and promoting the sustainable development of the coal industry.Therefore,to accurately identify the precursory signals before coal failure,uniaxial compression tests were conducted on both original coal and briquette samples,capturing their deformation and failure processes using acoustic emission(AE)technology.The signal intensity of the acoustic emission energy was further discussed.Based on the critical slowing down theory,the acoustic emission energy sequence was processed.The results show that there are significant differences in the impact of initial pore and fracture on the strength of the coal body.The acoustic emission energy signal shows obvious stage characteristics throughout the loading process.In the unstable crack growth(URD)stage,there is a high risk of rapid energy accumulation in the coal body,indicating that the coal body is about to fail.The variance mutation point,which is not affected by the choice of lag step size,is easier to identify than the autocorrelation coefficient,and all the leading points are in the URD stage,making it more accurate than using the slope of the AE cumulative energy curve.

关 键 词：单轴压缩 声发射 临界减速 前兆信号 

分 类 号：TE37[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]