熔滴过渡模式对药芯焊丝与实心焊丝焊接烟尘的影响研究  

Research on the Influence of Metal Transition Mode on Welding Fume between Flux Cored Wire and Solid Wire

作　　者：李春凯[1] 黄志扬 丁彬 石玗[1] LI Chunkai;HUANG Zhiyang;DING Bin;SHI Yu(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《电焊机》2025年第1期28-34,共7页Electric Welding Machine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52365048);甘肃省科技重大专项(22ZD6GA008)。

摘　　要：在熔化极气体保护焊焊接过程中,不同的熔滴过渡模式会导致焊接烟尘产生的冶金机制发生改变。系统研究了采用实心焊丝和药芯焊丝的熔化极气体保护焊熔滴过渡模式与焊接烟尘之间的相关性。利用熔滴过渡采集系统拍摄了两种焊丝在不同工艺下的熔滴过渡模式,并采用烟尘采集装置和激光粒度分析仪分析了不同熔滴过渡模式下的焊接烟尘发尘量和烟尘粒径分布规律。结果表明,实心焊丝在短路过渡和射滴过渡模式下,烟尘发尘量与熔滴过渡频率成正比,而大滴过渡模式下则呈现出反比规律;药芯焊丝的烟尘发尘量与熔滴过渡频率成正比关系;实心焊丝的烟尘颗粒粒径分布范围为0.1~10μm之间且大尺寸颗粒主要分布在短路过渡区间;而药芯焊丝的烟尘粒径主要分布在0.1~100μm之间,大尺寸颗粒主要分布在短路和大滴过渡区间。During the welding process of melt inert-gas welding(MIG welding),different metal transfer behaviors may affect the metallurgical process of welding fume generation.For this purpose,a systematic study was conducted on the correlation between the metal transition mode of MIG welding using solid core welding wire and flux core welding wire and welding fume.The metal transition modes of two types of welding wires under different processes were captured using a metal transition collection system,and the amount and particle size distribution of welding fume under different metal transition modes were analyzed using a fume collection device and a laser particle size analyzer.The results show that the total amount of fumes by solid wire is directly proportional to the frequency of metal transition in short-circuit transition and spray transition modes,while in globular transition mode,it exhibits an inverse law;The total amount of fumes by flux cored welding wire is directly proportional to the frequency of metal transition.The particle diameter of fumes in solid wire welding is mainly distributed between 0.1~10μm,there are a large number of large-sized fume particles in the short circuit transition welding process.The fume particle diameter of flux cored welding wire is mainly distributed between 0.1 and 100μm,large particles are mainly distributed during short circuits and globular droplet transitions.

关 键 词：焊接烟尘 熔滴过渡 发尘量 粒径分布 

分 类 号：TG422.3[金属学及工艺—焊接]