沸石成因及其控储机制研究进展  

Progress in zeolite origin and its control for reservoir development

作　　者：王继远 王斌[1,2] 邱岐[1,2] 李振明[1,2] 孙中良 马龙杰[3] WANG Jiyuan;WANG Bin;QIU Qi;LI Zhenming;SUN Zhongliang;MA Longjie(Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,Wuxi City,Jiangsu Province,214126,China;SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanisms,Wuxi City,Jiangsu Province,214126,China;Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Northwest Oilfield Company,SINOPEC,Urumqi,Xinjiang,830011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所,江苏无锡214126 [2]中国石化油气成藏重点实验室,江苏无锡214126 [3]中国石化西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《油气地质与采收率》2025年第1期29-39,共11页Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency

基　　金：中国石化科技攻关项目“准噶尔盆地石炭-二叠系潜力评价与目标优选”(P21077-1);中国石化基础前瞻项目“准噶尔盆地腹部下组合油气成藏条件与勘探方向”(2023JCQZ0037)。

摘　　要：沸石是富火山岩屑和富长石碎屑岩中重要的成岩矿物之一,对碎屑岩储层发育具有重要意义。对于沸石类矿物在中国各主要盆地的分布特征、成因及控储机制已有诸多研究,但尚未形成统一认识。在前人研究成果的基础上,结合准噶尔盆地腹部最新钻井资料,系统分析沸石类矿物在中国各主要盆地的分布,并针对其成因和控储机制开展研究。沸石类矿物的分布主要受火山岩屑和长石等组分、较强水动力条件、成岩流体成分、温度和压力等条件的综合控制,多见于各类三角洲的水道体系;沸石成因复杂,其中火山物质蚀变、斜长石钠长石化和热液作用是最主要成因,当前各盆地中以前两者最为常见。沸石类矿物对碎屑岩储层的发育多为促进作用,早期沸石以其高硬度有效提高储层抗压实能力,成岩期沸石类矿物脱去晶间水释放孔隙空间;沸石类矿物易受温度影响发生转化,转化前后矿物之间的密度差导致孔隙空间的增大;此外,酸性流体的溶蚀增孔也是沸石最重要的控储机制之一。Zeolite is one of the essential diagenetic minerals in volcanic and feldspar-rich clastic rocks,which is of great significance in the development of clastic rock reservoirs.There have been many studies on the distribution characteristics,genesis,and reservoir control mechanisms of zeolite minerals in major basins of China,but a unified understanding has not yet been formed.According to the previous research,combined with the latest drilling data in the hinterland of Junggar Basin,this paper systematically summarized and analyzed the distribution of zeolite minerals in major basins in China and studied their genesis and reservoir control mechanisms.The distribution of zeolite minerals is mainly controlled by components such as volcanic debris and feldspar,strong hydrodynamic conditions,the composition of diagenetic fluids,temperatures and pressures,and other comprehensive conditions.They are commonly found in various waterway systems in deltas.The genesis of zeolites is complex,with volcanic material alteration,plagioclase albitization,and hydrothermalism being the leading causes.Currently,the former two are the most common in various basins.Zeolite minerals have a positive effect on the development of clastic rock reservoirs.Zeolites effectively improve the reservoir's anti-compaction ability with high hardness in the early stages,and zeolite minerals remove intergranular water and release pore space during the diagenetic period.In addition,zeolite minerals are prone to transformations under the influence of temperature,and the density difference between minerals before and after transformation increases pore space.The pore enlargement resulting from the acidic fluid dissolution is also one of the most important storage control mechanisms of zeolites.

关 键 词：沸石 火山岩屑蚀变 钠长石化 成因 控储机制 碎屑岩储层 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]