基于水平集方法的三维多孔介质润湿性对水油两相渗流规律的影响  

Influence of wettability on water-oil two-phase flow in three-dimensional porous media based on level set method

作　　者：付洪涛 宋考平 赵宇 丁超 梁立豪[4] 张剑 FU Hongtao;SONG Kaoping;ZHAO Yu;DING Chao;LIANG Lihao;ZHANG Jian(Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing City,102249,China;Research Institute of Exploration and Development of Daqing Oilfield Company,Daqing City,Heilongjiang Province,163712,China;Development Division of PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company,Karamay,Xinjiang,834000,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing City,100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)非常规油气科学技术研究院,北京102249 [2]中国石油大庆油田股份有限公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712 [3]中国石油新疆油田公司开发事业部,新疆克拉玛依834000 [4]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《油气地质与采收率》2025年第1期112-124,共13页Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“驱油相自扩大波及体积提高采收率新方法”(51834005);中海油联合基金“海上高温高盐油田活性纳米流体非连续变循环提高采收率关键基础问题研究”(U22B6005);黑龙江省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目“古龙页岩油提高采收率关键问题研究”(DQYT-2022-JS-761)。

摘　　要：水驱是油藏开发最重要的方法之一,水驱产量在中国原油产量中占比超过70%。岩石表面润湿性是影响油藏多孔介质中水油两相渗流过程和微观驱替效率的关键因素。为了明确润湿性对水油两相在三维多孔介质中渗流规律的影响,采用CT扫描技术构建了砂岩微观孔隙结构模型。基于Navier-Stokes方程,模拟了水油两相在三维微观多孔介质中的非混相渗流过程,并采用水平集方法实时捕获两相界面变化。研究发现,润湿性对三维多孔介质中水驱的微观驱替效率、流体分布和渗流路径均有显著影响。当岩石表面为水湿状态时,注入水能够快速地动用和剥离多孔介质中的油滴;当岩石表面为油湿状态时,注入水则易沿孔喉中心位置通过,形成膜状剩余油。两相界面在水湿或油湿的喉道内主要受毛管压力、黏滞力和驱替压力的综合作用,润湿性和喉道直径影响了各种力的作用方向。通过适度改变岩石表面的润湿性可以延缓水驱指进现象的发生,提高微观驱替效率。Water flooding is one of the most important methods for reservoir development.Water flooding production contributes to over 70% of crude oil production in China.The wettability of rock surfaces is a key factor influencing the water-oil two-phase flow process and the microscopic displacement efficiency in the porous media of reservoirs.A micropore structure model of sandstone was established using computed tomography(CT)scanning technology to elucidate the influence of wettability on the flow behavior of water-oil two-phase in three-dimensional porous media.Based on Navier-Stokes equations,the immiscible flow of water-oil two-phase in microscopic three-dimensional porous media was simulated,and the level set(LS)method was used to capture the interface changes of the two-phase in real time.The results show that wettability significantly influences the microscopic displacement efficiency,fluid distribution,and flow paths of water flooding in three-dimensional porous media.When the rock surface is in a water-wet state,the injected water can rapidly mobilize and uncover the oil droplets of the porous medium.In an oil-wet state,the water tends to flow readily along the central positions of pore throats,forming film-like remaining oil.The water-oil interface is mainly affected by capillary force,viscous force,and displacement pressure in water-wet or oil-wet pore throats.Wettability and pore throat diameter affect the direction of various forces.Moderately adjusting the wettability of rock surfaces will delay the occurrence of the water flooding fingering phenomenon and enhance the microscopic displacement efficiency.

关 键 词：水平集方法 多孔介质 两相流 润湿性 含油饱和度 

分 类 号：TE312[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]