斜切挑坎横向压力差研究  

Study on transverse pressure difference of oblique cutting flip bucket

作　　者：冉雨博 刘超[1] 邓军[2] 卫望汝[2] 隆强 RAN Yubo;LIU Chao;DENG Jun;WEI Wangru;LONG Qiang(College of Water Resource&Hydropower,Sichuan University,Sichuan 610065,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University,Sichuan 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学水利水电学院,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学山区河流保护与治理全国重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《中国水利水电科学研究院学报(中英文)》2025年第1期54-65,82,共13页Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52079084);国家自然科学基金重点项目(51939007);国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金(U23A20668)。

摘　　要：斜切挑坎在挑流设计中是一种常用的挑坎体型,能使水流在纵向上充分扩散,避免水流集中冲击于同一位置。斜切体型设计会使挑射水流在运动过程中在横向方向上呈现扩散角度增大的现象,但对此现象的深入研究较少。本文主要针对长边侧与短边侧之间的横向压力差进行研究,探究斜切挑坎横向压力差受挑坎尺寸与来流条件的影响,为后续斜切挑坎水舌横向扩散研究提供相关参考依据。本文使用数值模拟方法对不同挑坎尺寸与来流条件下斜切挑坎的出流情况进行模拟,分析了斜切挑坎内横向压力差的分布特征,以及挑坎尺寸与来流条件对横向压力差的影响。研究发现,最大横向压力差位于斜切挑坎短边边墙末端底板位置,横向压力差与斜切角度、来流流速、来流水深呈正相关,与挑坎半径呈负相关,并拟合了最大横向压力差与挑坎尺寸、来流条件有关的计算式。研究成果对斜切挑坎挑流水力设计具有一定的借鉴意义。The oblique cutting flip bucket is a commonly used bucket shape in flip flow design,enabling sufficient longitudinal diffusion of the water flow and preventing concentrated impacts on a single location.The design of the oblique cutting shape results in an increased transverse diffusion angle of the jet flow during movement,although in-depth studies on this phenomenon are limited.Related research has found that the lateral velocity at the outlet of the flip bucket is related to the transverse pressure difference between the side near the wall and the open side.According to the theory of free jet bodies,the outlet velocity of the flip bucket determines the trajectory of the nappe.This paper uses numerical simulation methods to model the outflow conditions of oblique cutting flip buckets under various bucket sizes and inflow conditions,analyzing the distribution characteristics of the transverse pressure difference within the bucket and the influence of bucket size and inflow conditions on this pressure difference.It has been found that the maximum transverse pressure difference occurs at the bottom plate at the end of the short sidewall of the oblique cutting flip bucket.The transverse pressure difference is positively correlated with the oblique angle,inflow velocity,and inflow depth,and negatively correlated with the bucket radius.A fitting formula was derived for the maximum transverse pressure difference concerning bucket size and inflow conditions.The findings provide useful insights for the hydraulic design of oblique cutting flip buckets.

关 键 词：挑流消能 斜切挑坎 数值模拟 挑坎出口 压力差 

分 类 号：TV135.23[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]