社区围绝经期女性主观认知下降现状及影响因素分析  

Subjective cognitive decline among perimenopausal women in community and its influencing factors

作　　者：王存利 王红霞 Wang Cunli;Wang Hongxia(School of Nursing,Jinzhou Medical University,Jinzhou 121000,China)

机构地区：[1]锦州医科大学护理学院,辽宁锦州121000

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2025年第1期79-83,共5页Journal of Nursing Science

摘　　要：目的调查社区围绝经期女性主观认知下降现状并分析其影响因素,为制订相应的干预措施提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法选取锦州市的586名社区围绝经期女性作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、主观认知下降问卷、改良Kupperman评分量表、感知压力量表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表展开调查。结果257名(43.8%)围绝经期女性存在主观认知下降。logistic回归分析结果显示,围绝经期症状、感知压力水平、焦虑、抑郁是社区围绝经期女性主观认知下降的危险因素,受教育程度、运动频率是保护因素(均P<0.05)。结论社区围绝经期女性主观认知下降发生率较高,医护人员应重视对围绝经期女性进行早期的认知评估,尽早实施针对性的干预措施,以减缓认知功能进一步下降。Objective To investigate the status quo of subjective cognitive decline(SCD)in perimenopausal women in the community and analyze its influencing factors,and to provide theoretical basis for formulating corresponding intervention measures.Methods A total of 586 community-dwelling perimenopausal women in Jinzhou were selected by convenience sampling method.The demographic questionnaire,the Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire,the Modified Kupperman Index,the Perceived Stress Scale,the Self-rating Depression Scale and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale were used to in the survey.Results Totally,257(43.8%)peri-menopausal women had SCD.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that perimenopausal symptoms,perceived stress level,anxiety and depression were risk factors for SCD in community-dwelling perimenopausal women,while education level and exercise frequency were protective factors(all P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of SCD in perimenopausal women in the community is relatively high.Medical staff should pay attention to early cognitive assessment of perimenopausal women and implement targeted intervention measures as soon as possible to slow down the further decline of cognitive function.

关 键 词：围绝经期 主观认知下降 围绝经期症状 感知压力 焦虑 抑郁 社区 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]