可控CA/SF多孔纤维膜的制备及其液体分离性能  

Controllable preparation of CA/SF porous fiber membranes and theirapplication in liquid separation

作　　者：李炳[1] 陆雨涛 张栎霞 张祖贤 高榕蔓 熊杰[1] 郭凤云 LI Bing;LU Yutao;ZHANG Lixia;ZHANG Zuxian;GAO Rongman;XIONG Jie;GUO Fengyun(College of Textile Science and Engineering(International Institute of Silk),Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院),杭州310018

出　　处：《现代纺织技术》2025年第1期102-109,共8页Advanced Textile Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51803183,22375180);浙江理工大学基本科研业务费专项(23202134-Y)。

摘　　要：为探究纳米纤维膜的制备工艺及其在液体分离方面的应用,选用醋酸纤维素(CA)和丝素蛋白(SF)为原料,通过双组分静电纺丝法将CA和SF按照对喷的方式纺制成复合纳米纤维膜,同时改变混合溶剂中乙醇和水的比例,并对复合纳米纤维膜进行不同温度和时间的处理,以此调控复合纳米纤维膜的形貌特征,优化孔隙率,最后对复合纳米纤维膜进行液体分离评估。结果表明:优化乙醇和水的相对比例,可以实现对孔隙率、润湿性等相关参数的调节,所制备的复合纳米纤维膜可实现对多种油/水混合物和油/油混合物的分离,且纤维膜还具有良好的选择透过性。以上表明所制备的CA/SF多孔纤维膜有望在液体分离领域获得广泛应用。At present,oil spills and oily wastewater discharges have a great negative impact on our natural ecological environment and human living environment,and leaked oily wastewater is also a misplaced natural energy source.Many wastewater treatment devices themselves also have certain negative impacts on the environment.In this case,it is necessary to find an environmentally friendly material for the preparation of filter materials.This paper,with cellulose acetate(CA)and silk fibroin(SF)as raw materials,employed the electros-pinning technique to fabricate CA/SF porous fiber membranes.Natural macromolecular fibers,cellulose acetate and silk fibroin are environmentally friendly,and the modification of the two fibers has received extensive research and attention.After degumming,dialysis and freeze-drying,the finished silk fibroin has a broad application prospect as a flexible textile.As the most abundant source of natural macromolecular polymers,cellulose has a rich and diverse structure and has diverse applications,making it suitable as a filter material.Electrospinning is a simple and efficient technique for preparing nanofiber materials.Electrospinning spins molten polymers into nanofibers or ultrafine fibers under the action of a controllable high-voltage electric field.It can be seen from the scanning electron microscopy that smooth,uniform,continuous and bead-free nanofibers were successfully prepared.From the tensile strain-tensile strength curve of the porous fiber membrane,it can be judged that the fiber membrane has basic self-sustaining mechanical properties.Porosity decreases as the proportion of ethanol in the treatment solvent decreases,and porosity increases with increasing temperature and time in the mixed treatment solvent.Through the analysis of air permeability,the results show that when the proportion of ethanol or water in the treatment solution is high,the air permeability of the fiber membrane is high,and the air permeability increases with the increase of temperature and time.Through the analysis

关 键 词：醋酸纤维素 丝素蛋白 液体分离 静电纺丝 复合材料 环境友好 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]