Evaluating impact of remote-access cyber-attack on lane changes for connected automated vehicles  

作　　者：Changyin Dong Yujia Chen Hao Wang Leizhen Wang Ye Li Daiheng Ni De Zhao Xuedong Hua 

机构地区：[1]Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban ITS,Jiangsu Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Urban Traffic Technologies,School of Transportation,Southeast University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210096,PR China [2]Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence,Monash University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 210096,PR China [3]School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha,Hunan 410075,PR China [4]Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of Massachusetts Amherst,MA 01003,United States

出　　处：《Digital Communications and Networks》2024年第5期1480-1492,共13页数字通信与网络(英文版)

基　　金：jointly supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022ZD0115600);National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52072067);Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20210249);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M681466);Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds(No.SBK2021041144);Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds(No.2021K094A)。

摘　　要：Connected automated vehicles(CAVs)rely heavily on intelligent algorithms and remote sensors.If the control center or on-board sensors are under cyber-attack due to the security vulnerability of wireless communication,it can cause significant damage to CAVs or passengers.The primary objective of this study is to model cyberattacked traffic flow and evaluate the impacts of cyber-attack on the traffic system filled with CAVs in a connected environment.Based on the analysis on environmental perception system and possible cyber-attacks on sensors,a novel lane-changing model for CAVs is proposed and multiple traffic scenarios for cyber-attacks are designed.The impact of the proportion of cyber-attacked vehicles and the severity of the cyber-attack on the lanechanging process is then quantitatively analyzed.The evaluation indexes include spatio-temporal evolution of average speed,spatial distribution of selected lane-changing gaps,lane-changing rate distribution,lane-changing preparation search time,efficiency and safety.Finally,the numerical simulation results show that the freeway traffic near an off-ramp is more sensitive to the proportion of cyber-attacked vehicles than to the severity of the cyber-attack.Also,when the traffic system is under cyber-attack,more unsafe back gaps are chosen for lane-changing,especially in the center lane.Therefore,more lane-changing maneuvers are concentrated on approaching the off-ramp,causing severe congestions and potential rear-end collisions.In addition,as the number of cyber-attacked vehicles and the severity of cyber-attacks increase,the road capacity and safety level will rapidly decrease.The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for accident avoidance and efficiency improvement for the design of CAVs and management of automated highway systems.

关 键 词：Cyber-attack Lane change Connected automated vehicle Remote access Traffic flow 

分 类 号：TN9[电子电信—信息与通信工程]