基于身份认知的美国跨境数据流动战略  

U.S.cross-border data flow strategy based on identity recognition

作　　者：沈逸[1,2,3] 高瑜 Shen Yi;Gao Yu

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院 [2]复旦大学国家发展与智能治理综合实验室全球治理与发展研判研究室 [3]复旦大学网络空间国际治理研究基地

出　　处：《美国问题研究》2024年第1期99-121,290-291,共25页Fudan American Review

摘　　要：进入大数据时代,数据成了大国战略博弈的新焦点,跨境数据流动治理是核心议题,也成为美国对内治理和对外战略的重要抓手。尽管有一套既定的跨境数据流动标准和制度,但在具体实践过程中,美国更多遵循身份认知的逻辑进行跨境数据流动治理。对于中国这类被认定为“敌人”的国家,美国以安全化视角处理跨境数据流动问题,无视数据流动的客观规律,进行“你死我活”的数据争夺;对于日本这类被认定为“对手”的国家,美国允许在符合利益的基础上进行跨境数据流动合作,但会在既定框架内进行数据竞争以获取更多红利;对于欧盟这类被认定为“朋友”的共同体,美国积极深化数据合作,共享数据流动带来的利润,并主动限制国家行为以换取长久的合作机制。After entering the era of big data,data has become the new focus of the strategic game among major powers.Cross-border data flow governance is the core issue,and it has also become an important point for the U.S.internal governance and external strategy.Even though there are lots of established practicalstandards for cross-border data flow,the United States actually follows the logic of identity recognition to govern cross-border data flow.For countries identified as“enemy”,such as China,the U.S.handles the issue of cross-border data flow from a security perspective,ignoring the objective laws,and engages in data competition.For countries identified as“adversary”,such as Japan,the U.S.allows some cross-border data flow cooperation in its favor,but will conduct data competition within their framework to obtain more dividends.For entities like the EU that are recognized as“friend”,the U.S.actively deepens data cooperation,share the profits brought by data flow,and promote long-term data cooperation mechanism.

关 键 词：美国 身份认知 跨境数据流动 

分 类 号：TP311.13[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论] D871.2[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]