粟特人的贸易活动与香料流通  

Sogdian Trading Activities and the Circulation of Spice

作　　者：荒川正晴 王蕾(译) ARAKAWA Masaharu;WANG Lei(Osaka University,Toyonaka 5608532,Osaka,Japan;Institute of Silk Road Studies,Northwest University,Xi'an 710069,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]大阪大学,大阪丰中5608532 [2]西北大学丝绸之路研究院,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2024年第6期114-126,共13页Dunhuang Research

摘　　要：活动在国际上的粟特商人交易着各种高价商品,其中伴随佛教传播到欧亚东方世界并广泛流通的香料、香木,是其重要的贸易商品。特别是对于长途奔走的粟特商人来说,西藏、四川生产的麝香,因其轻便易携,即使少量的麝香也能以高价售出。麝香还作为畅销品,经由凉州和广州等中转运至西亚以西的地区。继麝香之后,沉香和白檀吸引粟特商人高价交易。这两种香木均产于热带地区,运往中国不仅有海路,还有陆路。这些昂贵的香料、香木经由扬州等长江下游的都市,横渡东海后传至日本,7、8世纪之后以佛教寺院为中心而流通。Sogdian merchants who were active in historical international trade were engaged in the transport and sale of various precious commodities over the centuries.They were particularly well known for transporting spices and fragrant woods,as well as for spreading Buddhism,and traveled widely throughout the Eurasian continent and other East Asian countries.For Sogdian merchants who traveled long distances,the musk produced in Tibet and Sichuan was a particularly valuable commodity because it was not only light and easy to carry,but also could be sold at a high price even in small quantities.This musk passed through key cities like Liangzhou and Guangzhou before being transported to Western Asia and even further regions,and thus became a fairly common item on the market of international commerce.Following musk,agarwood and sandalwood were the most sought-after fragrant woods sold by Sogdian merchants,which were transported to China by both sea and land routes.By traveling along the maritime and land trade routes taken by Sogdian merchants,these high-priced spices and fragrant woods passed through cities like Yangzhou,located at the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,before crossing the East Sea to reach Japan.This final point can be inferred from records in Buddhist temples in Japan following the 7th and 8th centuries.

关 键 词：粟特商人 香料贸易 麝香 白檀 法隆寺 

分 类 号：K870.6[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]