结构声源浅海辐射声场计算及特性研究  

Calculation and characteristics of the radiated sound field of structural sound sources in shallow waters

作　　者：王佳[1,2,3] 张揽月 胡博[1,2,3] 吴迪 胡雪茹[1,2,3] WANG Jia;ZHANG Lanyue;HU Bo;WU Di;HU Xueru(National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security(Harbin Engineering University),Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin 150001,China;College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学水声技术全国重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]海洋信息获取与安全工业和信息化部重点实验室(哈尔滨工程大学),黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [3]哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2025年第1期119-128,共10页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52171333,52250344,52327901).

摘　　要：针对浅海环境影响噪声测量准确性的问题,本文开展水下航行器类结构声源在浅海环境下辐射声场计算及特性研究。基于联合有限元等效源法与声传播模型相结合的方法建立结构声源在浅海环境下辐射声场计算模型,对该模型进行改进以提升计算效率,并对其有效性进行验证。分析声源频率、海水深度、潜深及声速剖面等因素对结构声源与点源辐射声场的影响。结果表明:在近距离处,结构声源的辐射声场与点源相比更为复杂,但随着距离的增加,二者有一定的相似性。声源在高频段的辐射声场相较低频段更为复杂。随着声源与界面距离的增加,在近距离处的声场分布接近于自由场中的声场分布。声速剖面在近距离处对声场影响较小,但随着距离的增加,影响逐渐增大。This study examines the calculation and characteristics of the radiated sound field from structural sound sources in shallow water environments to improve noise measurement accuracy in these environments.First,a radiated sound field calculation model for structural sound sources in shallow waters is developed.This model combines the coupled finite element and equivalent source method with the ocean acoustic propagation model.It is improved to enhance computational efficiency,and its effectiveness is verified.The impact of factors such as sound frequency,sea depth,submergence depth,and sound speed profile on the radiation sound field of structural sound sources and point sources is analyzed.Results indicate that,at close distances,the radiation sound field of structural sources is more complex than that of point sources,but they become similar with the increase in distance.The radiation sound field of sound sources at high frequencies is more complex than that at low frequencies.As the distance between the source and the interface increases,the sound field distribution at close distances approximates that in a free field.The sound speed profile has a minor effect on the sound field at close distances,but its impact grows with the rise in distance.

关 键 词：波导 结构 有限元法 等效源法 射线声学 简正波 声场特性 声传播 

分 类 号：O427.1[理学—声学]