NiCo_(2)S_(4)/MXene/氮掺杂碳空心微球的构筑及其作为钠离子电池负极的应用  

Construction of NiCo_(2)S_(4)/MXene/nitrogen-doped carbon hollow microspheres and their application as negative electrodes for sodium ion batteries

作　　者：陈炳祺 李宝宝 付晓光 邹煜熙 祝梓博 左婉莹 叶美丹 CHEN Bingqi;LI Baobao;FU Xiaoguang;ZOU Yuxi;ZHU Zibo;ZUO Wanying;YE Meidan(Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research,Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter,College of Physical Science and Technology,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学物理科学与技术学院,生物仿生及软物质研究院,福建省柔性功能材料重点实验室,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《厦门大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期85-92,168,共9页Journal of Xiamen University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22075237)。

摘　　要：[目的]针对可充电钠离子电池(SIBs)实际应用中,NiCo_(2)S_(4)电极存在的动力学缓慢和循环稳定性不足等问题,对NiCo_(2)S_(4)电极材料进行优化.[方法]利用聚乙烯微球(PS)和金属有机骨架ZIF-67双重模板,通过室温搅拌和高温煅烧的工艺,制备了一种NiCo_(2)S_(4)/MXene/氮掺杂碳(NiCo_(2)S_(4)/MX/NC)的空心微球,并将其作为SIBs负极材料,考察其电化学性能.[结果]在结构方面,NiCo_(2)S_(4)/MX/NC具有独特的中空球形结构,球内表面有导电性优异的MX片,外表面均匀地附着高容量的NiCo_(2)S_(4).NiCo_(2)S_(4)/MX/NC在SIBs应用中获得了优异的电化学性能,具有较高的充电比容量(在0.2 A/g的电流密度下为780 mAh/g),首次库伦效率高达86.4%,优异的循环稳定性(在10 A/g大电流条件下,循环4000次,约每次0.0034%的低容量衰减率).此外,动力学研究表明NiCo_(2)S_(4)/MX/NC电极具有混合的电荷储存行为,且表面吸附的赝电容过程起主导作用.[结论]MX和NC的引入显著提高了复合电极的导电性,而空心球形结构的构建有效提升了复合电极的稳定性,增强了其大电流承受能力,防止NiCo_(2)S_(4)材料在循环过程中结构塌陷.本研究采用的结构设计、复合掺杂等综合策略,为提高金属硫化物的储钠性能提供了新思路.[Objective]In response to growing energy crises and environmental challenges,the demand for clean energy solution is rising.Sodium resources,with their low cost and abundance,offer significant advantages.Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have gradually become the most promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries for large-scale energy storage systems.As a typical bimetallic sulfide,NiCo_(2)S_(4)has a high theoretical specific capacity and exhibits superior sodium storage performance.However,in the practical application of SIBs,NiCo_(2)S_(4)electrodes still suffer from slow kinetics and insufficient cycling stability,making it important to optimize the NiCo_(2)S_(4)electrode material.[Methods]In this study,NiCo_(2)S_(4)/MXene/nitrogen-doped carbon(NiCo_(2)S_(4)/MX/NC)hollow microspheres were constructed layer-by-layer by utilizing dual templates of polyethylene(PS)microspheres and metal-organic skeleton ZIF-67.Firstly,MX nanosheets were wrapped on the surface of PS spheres by room temperature stirring,followed by the layer-by-layer growth of NiCo-layered double hydroxide(LDH)on the surface of the MX/PS spheres by introducing ZIF-67 and Ni^(2+).Finally,NiCo_(2)S_(4)was generated on the surface of the ZIF-67/MX/PS spheres,and the PS template was removed under high-temperature annealing conditions,yielding NiCo_(2)S_(4)/MX/NC hollow microspheres.Ultimately,the electrochemical performance of SIBs was investigated using NiCo_(2)S_(4)/MX/NC as the anode material.[Results]In terms of structures,NiCo_(2)S_(4)/MX/NC has a unique hollow spherical structure with excellent conductive MX nanosheets on the inner surface of spheres and high capacity NiCo_(2)S_(4)uniformly attached on the outer surface of spheres.In terms of electrochemical properties,NiCo_(2)S_(4)/MX/NC has excellent charge storage ability in SIBs,achieving a high specific capacity of charging(780 mAh/g at 0.2 A/g).The Coulombic efficiency of the first cycle reached 86.4%,and the material exhibited excellent cycling stability,with a low capacity decay rate of about 0.

关 键 词：NiCo_(2)S_(4) MXene 氮掺杂碳 空心球 双模板 钠离子电池 稳定性 

分 类 号：O646.542[理学—物理化学]