CO_(2)脉冲激光雕刻CFRP表面形貌特征研究  

Study on surface morphological characteristics of CO_(2)pulse laser engraving CFRP

作　　者：蔡颂 余凡 杨奇 胡沙沙 CAI Song;YU Fan;YANG Qi;HU Shasha(School of Intelligent Manufacturing,Wuchang Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430065,China;School of Intelligent Manufacturing Engineering,Hunan First Normal University,Changsha 410205,China;Hunan Tuojian Education Technology Co.Ltd,Changsha 410001,China)

机构地区：[1]武昌工学院智能制造学院,武汉430065 [2]湖南第一师范学院智能制造工程学院,长沙410205 [3]湖南拓建教育科技有限公司,长沙410001

出　　处：《激光技术》2025年第1期144-150,共7页Laser Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51705141,51975192);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2019JJ40075);湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2019CFB637);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2019T120650);武昌工学院硕士研究生科研项目(2023Y02)。

摘　　要：为了探究CO_(2)脉冲激光对碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)的加工工艺质量,采用单因素试验方法,进行了理论分析和实验验证,得到了扫描速率、激光功率对加工质量的影响规律,并对CFRP进行了圆形图案雕刻实验。结果表明,材料在激光功率为50 W和扫描速率为60 mm/s时发生穿透,且随着扫描速率降低,材料吸收能量增多而导致图案完全穿透;设定扫描速率为100 mm/s、功率在10 W~5 W范围内变化时,材料表面颜色逐渐出现了白色条纹;采用横向与纵向法测量雕刻后的材料表面粗糙度,两种测量方法均表明其粗糙度的数值呈现先减小后增加的规律,并在激光功率为7 W时粗糙度达到最小值(约为7.030μm);雕刻完成的材料经超声波清洗后,当激光功率为9 W、扫描速率为20 mm/s时,粗糙度达到最大值且表面残留物较少,此时雕刻效果较好。此研究结果可为脉冲激光加工碳纤维复合材料工艺提供一定的指导作用。In order to investigate the processing quality of carbon fiber reinforced plastic(CFRP)using a CO_(2)pulse laser,a single-factor experimental method was employed for theoretical analysis and experimental verification.The influence of scanning speed and laser power on processing quality was determined,and circular pattern carving experiments were conducted on CFRP.The results show that the material undergoes penetration at a laser power of 50 W and a scanning speed of 60 mm/s,and as the scanning speed decreases,the material absorbs more energy,resulting in complete pattern penetration.When the scanning speed is set to 100 mm/s and the power varies within the range of 10 W~5 W,white stripes gradually appear on the surface of the material.The surface roughness of the carved material was measured using both horizontal and vertical methods.Both methods indicated that the roughness values showed a pattern of first decreasing and then increasing.When the laser power was 7 W,the roughness reached its minimum value of about 7.030μm;After ultrasonic cleaning,when the laser power is 9 W and the scanning speed is 20 mm/s,the roughness of the carved material reaches its maximum value and there is less surface residue.At this time,the carving effect is better.This research result can provide certain guidance for the process of pulse laser processing of carbon fiber composite materials.

关 键 词：激光技术 表面处理 测量方式 表面粗糙度 超声波清洗 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学] TG665[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]