笔谈:整体性保护视野下的文化遗产保护传承  

Discussion:Cultural Heritage Protection and Inheritance from the Perspective of Holistic Protection

作　　者：张治强 吴炎亮 刘托[2] 邹统钎[3,4] 李华东 丁宇[5] 徐凤琪 杜晓帆 刘邵远[8] 孙淼 Zhang Zhiqiang;Wu Yanliang;Liu Tuo;Zou Tongqian;Li Huadong;Ding Yu;Xu Fengqi;Du Xiaofan;Liu Shaoyuan;Sun Miao(China Academy of Cultural Heritage,Beijing 100029,China;Chinese National Academy of Arts,Beijing 100012,China;Beijing International Studies University,Beijing 100014,China;“Silk Road”University of Tourism and Cultural Heritage,Samarkand 140104,Uzbekistan;School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Center for Land and Cultural Resources Research,Fudan University,China;UNESCO Living Heritage and Community;Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;School of Cultural Heritage and Information Management,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]中国文化遗产研究院,北京100029 [2]中国艺术研究院,北京100012 [3]北京第二外国语学院,北京100014 [4]丝绸之路国际旅游与文化遗产大学,乌兹别克斯坦撒马尔罕140104 [5]北京工业大学建筑与城市规划学院,北京100124 [6]复旦大学国土与文化资源研究中心,上海200433 [7]联合国教科文组织活态遗产与社区发展教席 [8]复旦大学文物与博物馆学系,上海200433 [9]上海大学文化遗产与信息管理学院,上海200444

出　　处：《中国文化遗产》2025年第1期4-24,共21页China Cultural Heritage

基　　金：2024国家社科基金文化遗产保护传承研究专项(24VWB023);2024年国家社会科学基金重点项目(24AGL032)资助。

摘　　要：随着全社会越来越活跃的“文博热”“考古热”“非遗热”,文化遗产从重点保护向全面保护、系统性保护、整体性保护升级成为当前文化遗产保护的必然要求。在国土空间统一管控下,文物和文化遗产的空间纳入国土空间“一张图”管理,文物主管部门要积极主动开展文物和文化遗产保护利用规划,使文物和文化遗产的区划及时、准确、标准化地纳入国土空间“一张图”。革命文物片区要坚持保护为主、规划先行和保护利用相协调的原则,确保片区革命文物的历史真实性、风貌完整性和文化延续性。在文化生态保护区中,要将保护对象置于整个生态链中去考量,通过综合性的保护措施和多方参与,实现自然、人文、社会和经济的协调发展。国家文化公园要围绕核心价值进行完整性保护、再现、传承,赋予遗产以新的形式、新的场景、新的意义和新的语境,在生活中让民众受益。传统村落要在传统的空间、时间、价值的完整性之上,进一步强化对生态系统、文化系统、产业系统、信仰系统等完整性的重视,从文化治理的角度探索遗产保护参与构建当地文化秩序的新路径。在生产存续背景下讨论工业遗产的整体性保护,不仅能够让我们更好地铭记中华民族跌宕起伏的近现代工业发展历程,还可以激发公众尤其是年轻人和儿童的工业文化认同。With the increasing enthusiasm for cultural heritage,archaeology,and intangible cultural heritage across society,the shift from key protection to comprehensive,systematic,and holistic protection of cultural heritage has become an inevitable requirement in current cultural heritage conservation.Under the unified management of national land space,the spatial aspects of cultural relics and heritage must be integrated into a unified land space management system.Relevant authorities should actively engage in planning for the protection and utilization of cultural relics and heritage,ensuring that the zoning of these assets is timely,accurate,and standardized within the national land space framework.In areas with revolutionary relics,the principle of prioritizing protection,planning first,and coordinating protection with utilization must be upheld to ensure the historical authenticity,aesthetic integrity,and cultural continuity of revolutionary relics.In cultural ecological protection zones,the objects of protection should be considered within the entire ecological chain,achieving coordinated development of nature,culture,society,and economy through comprehensive protection measures and multi-party participation.National cultural parks should focus on integrity protection,reproduction,and inheritance around core values,endowing heritage with new forms,new contexts,new meanings,and new scenarios,and benefiting the public in their daily lives.Traditional villages should further emphasize the integrity of ecosystems,cultural systems,industrial systems,and belief systems,building upon the traditional integrity of space,time,and values,and exploring new paths for heritage protection that contribute to the local cultural order from the perspective of cultural governance.Discussing the holistic protection of industrial heritage in the context of production and sustainability not only helps us better remember the history of modern industrial development in China but also inspires the recognition of the public,especially young

关 键 词：整体性保护 国土空间规划 大遗址 革命文物 文化生态 国家文化公园 传统村落 乡村遗产 工业遗产 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]