日本文化财保存学刍议  

The Conservation Studies of Cultural Properties in Japan

作　　者：王冬冬 Wang Dongdong(Institute for Cultural Heritage and History of Science&Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学科技史与文化遗产研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国文化遗产》2025年第1期54-62,共9页China Cultural Heritage

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金“文化遗产领域科技创新战略研究(FRF-BR-20-03C)”。

摘　　要：日本的文化财保护在亚洲地区起步较早,形成了独具特色的文化财保存学行业和教育体系,并在以西方为中心的遗产保护体系下不断为强化文化和遗产的多样性发声。本文在简要梳理日本文化财保护的发展历程后,将研究重点聚焦在日本高等教育体系中文化财保存学的学科设置、课程体系和学研结合等现状;以及日本文化财保存行业发展中科研机构、学术组织与学术期刊,科研项目与经费,文化财相关资格认定等对相应学科高等教育的影响;广泛的社会和学术认同,以及国际合作交流等对文化财保存学的发展必不可少。日本文化财保存行业和学科建设的梳理可为中国的文化遗产保护学科建设提供参考。Cultural property protection in Japan started relatively early within the Asian region,forming a distinctive theoretical system and higher education framework for conservation studies.Under a Western-centric heritage protection system,Japan consistently emphasizes the diversity of cultures and heritage while further elaborating on the concept of authenticity.Through the collection and analysis of relevant literatures,materials,and statistical datas,this paper provides a brief overview of the developmental history of cultural property protection in Japan.Then,it focuses on the subject setting of cultural property conservation studies within the higher education system,and comprehensively analyzes the course offerings and training programs taking Graduate School of Conservation under the Graduate School of Fine Arts at Tokyo University of the Arts as an example.The paper highlights the characteristics of tight collaboration between Japanese conservation studies and cultural property research institutions in areas such as specialized direction setting,practical course offerings,and faculty hiring,as well as the influence of qualifications relating to cultural properties,including curators and archaeological researchers,on the corresponding higher education disciplines.The development of cultural property conservation studies in Japan reflects several phase-specific characteristics,including a focus on human science,social science and art,limited permanent positions,and a gradual exploration of protection concepts.It has garnered broad societal and academic recognition in terms of disciplinary construction philosophy,institutional guarantees,interdisciplinary talent cultivation,and international cooperation and exchange.This offers significant insights into China’s cultural heritage protection efforts,particularly regarding deep collaboration between universities and research institutes,the cultivation of international talents,heightened emphasis on disaster prevention for cultural properties,and considerations reg

关 键 词：文化遗产学科建设 文化财科学 保存科学 高等教育 人才培养 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]