中国文物保护学科专业建设现状研究  

The Development of Cultural Heritage Conservation as a Discipline in China

作　　者：郝鹏骁 马啸 Hao Pengxiao;Ma Xiao(School of Cultural Heritage and Information Management,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;School of Material Science and Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Key Laboratory of Silicate Cultural Relics Conservation(Shanghai University),Ministry of Education,Shanghai 200444,China;Department of History of Science and Scientific Archaeology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学文化遗产与信息管理学院,上海200444 [2]上海大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200444 [3]上海大学硅酸盐质文物保护教育部重点实验室(上海大学),上海200444 [4]中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《中国文化遗产》2025年第1期69-76,共8页China Cultural Heritage

基　　金：国家文物局科技教育司“文物保护学科建设”委托课题(2022-48)。

摘　　要：随着文物保护事业的蓬勃发展、科技创新能力的不断提升,文物保护学科专业建设面临着新的迫切需求。为厘清文物保护学科理论体系、人才培养体系,本文通过问卷调查、访谈、专家咨询等形式,调研分析了高校文物保护学科专业设置、文物行业人才需求情况。研究发现,文博行业对高层次文物保护人才的需求量大、要求较高,但目前高校的文物保护学科专业设置、人才培养目标与标准、师资力量、产学研合作规模等方面与行业实践需求存在偏差,培养渠道不畅、毕业生就业存在一定难度。在此基础上,在文物保护学科内涵、培养目标、产教融合和科研资助机制等方面提出建议,探索研究生阶段教育教学路径,为文物保护学科建设改革提供参考。Over the past two decades,China has actively advanced the development of skilled professionals in cultural heritage conservation to meet the growing demand for technological innovation in the field.However,establishing cultural heritage conservation as an academic discipline in higher education remains challenging.Key issues include insufficient research on fundamental scientific theories and a lack of key technologies,etc.The development of cultural heritage conservation as an academic discipline is constrained by multiple factors,leading to significant challenges in talent cultivation.This paper investigates the industry's demand for professionals and the current state of cultural heritage conservation as an academic discipline in Chinese universities.It aims to clarify the theoretical framework of the discipline,explore educational pathways,and strengthen its foundation for talent cultivation.Through questionnaires,interviews,and expert discussions,this study investigates the establishment of cultural heritage conservation programs in universities in China'Mainland universities and the industry's demand for skilled professionals.Findings reveal a significant need for highly trained professionals.However,mismatches between academic training and industry requirements persist,including misaligned academic program designs,unclear talent cultivation objectives,inadequate teaching resources,and limited collaboration between universities,industries,and research institutions.These issues have led to employment challenges for graduates.This study identifies four primary factors constraining the development of this discipline:(1)Unclear goals for talent cultivation,with insufficient emphasis on application-oriented training;(2)Limited scale of university cultural heritage conservation programs and weak mechanisms for faculty development;(3)Inadequate governmental funding for cultural heritage conservation programs;(4)Insufficient collaboration between universities and cultural heritage institutions.To address these chal

关 键 词：文化遗产学科建设 文物保护学科 高等教育 人才培养 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]