中国高校文物保护本科专业发展历程与课程体系建设——以西北大学文物保护专业为例  

Development of the Major of Cultural Heritage Conservation and Curriculum for Bachelor’s Degree in Higher Education Institutions of China:A Case Study of the Major of Cultural Heritage Conservation at the Northwest University

作　　者：杨璐[1,2,3] Yang Lu(School of Cultural Heritage,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China;Key Laboratory of Research and Conservation Technologies of Cultural Heritage,Ministry of Education of China,Xi’an 710127,China;China-Central Asia One-Belt-One-Road Joint Laboratory on Humanity and Environment,Xi’an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学文化遗产学院,陕西西安710127 [2]西北大学文化遗产研究与保护技术教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710127 [3]西北大学中国-中亚人类与环境“一带一路”联合实验室,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《中国文化遗产》2025年第1期77-85,共9页China Cultural Heritage

摘　　要：为了解我国文物保护本科专业高等教育人才培养与课程体系建设的现状及存在问题,本文通过对我国文物保护专业发展历程的梳理,以及现阶段各高校文物保护相关专业课程体系的分析,将课程体系分为科学型和美术型两种类别,每个类别下又包含5个模块,厘清了文物保护课程开设的现状及发展最新趋势;基于文物保护课程体系建设提出了我国当前文物保护专业教育的多学科课程教学需求、师资力量相对薄弱、教材缺乏、实验条件有限等教学问题,并以西北大学为例介绍了该校近年来文物保护专业教育的改革举措,以期为我国文物保护专业教育的未来发展提供借鉴。To understand the development and problems in tertiary education relating to cultural heritage conservation that offers bachelor’s degree in China and corresponding curriculum,this paper reviews the background and demand for the establishment of cultural heritage conservation as a discipline during different times in China since the 1950s,and the process during which specific historical opportunities facilitated the creation of cultural heritage conservation as a special subject for tertiary education program in China based on the cultural heritage conservation research center of the Northwest University of China,as well as the development of this major from the 1990s to this century.After analyzing current curriculums provided by tertiary education institutions for bachelor’s degree on cultural heritage conservation,this paper identifies two types,namely,science-based and art-based.The sciencebased program for developing skilled professionals in cultural heritage conservation is characterized by the integration of science and engineering with humanity and social sciences.The curriculum for a bachelor’s degree includes five modules,namely,general education courses,basic courses for the discipline,core curriculum for the major,elective courses for the major,and practice courses.Taking the major of technologies for cultural heritage conservation at Northwest University as an example,this paper introduces the components of credits for various classes,an innovative model developed by Northwest University for cultural heritage conservation,which combined practices with teaching,and the latest trend in curriculum structure developed by Northwest University relating to cultural heritage conservation.The art-based program for developing skilled professionals of in cultural heritage conservation is characterized by its focus on the restoration of artwork,combined with the science and knowledge relating to cultural heritage conservation.Compared to the science-based program,the art-based program for a bachelor’s de

关 键 词：文化遗产学科建设 文物保护专业 文物保护技术 课程体系 人才培养 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]