电商支持政策对农民收入增长与城乡收入差距的影响研究  

On the Impact of E-commerce Supportive Policies on Farmers’Income Growth and Urban-Rural Income Gap

作　　者：陶艳萍 吴国宝[1,2] Tao Yanping;Wu Guobao(Faculty of Applied Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China;Rural Development Institute,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院,北京102488 [2]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《新疆农垦经济》2025年第1期60-72,共13页Xinjiang State Farms Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(项目编号:22&ZD059);中国社会科学院创新工程项目(项目编号:2021NFSA02)。

摘　　要：中国电商支持政策经过完善电商基础设施,推进电商规模化、专业化发展,进入“数商兴农”高质量发展新阶段,是建设农业强国、推进乡村振兴和实现共同富裕的重要举措。基于2008—2020年全国县级面板数据和县域数字乡村指数,文章利用“电子商务进农村综合示范”政策作为外生冲击,采用多期DID模型同时分析了该政策对农民收入和城乡收入差距的影响。研究发现,农村电商支持政策能使农民收入提升约5.36%,城乡收入差距缩小约8.86%,在经济发展水平较低、电商产业集群化程度较高和乡村人口占比较高的地区,政策的积极影响更为显著。机制分析结果表明,电商支持政策通过改善乡村数字基础设施、激励乡村经济数字化发展、促进城乡要素资源流动,有效促进了农民收入增长和城乡收入差距缩小。因此,强化电商政策针对性扶持、优化配套基础设施和公共服务供给、推动农村电商差异化发展,能最大程度发挥电商支持政策的公平普惠效应,助力推进共同富裕。China’s e-commerce support policy has entered a new stage of high-quality development,characterized by improving ecommerce infrastructure and promoting the scaling and specialization of e-commerce,known as the“Digital Commerce supporting Agricultural Development”initiative.This initiative is an important measure for building a strong agricultural country,advancing ru⁃ral revitalization,and achieving common prosperity.Based on county-level panel data from 2008 to 2020 and the County-level Digi⁃tal Rural Index,the article uses the“E-commerce into Rural Areas Comprehensive Demonstration”policy as an exogenous impact and applies a multi-period DID model to simultaneously analyze the impact of this policy on farmers’incomes and the urban-rural income gap.The study finds that rural e-commerce supportive policies can increase farmers’income by about 5.36%and reduce the urban-rural income gap by about 8.86%.The positive impact of the policy is more significant in regions with lower levels of econom⁃ic development,higher degrees of e-commerce industry clustering,and higher proportions of rural populations.The results of the mechanism analysis indicate that e-commerce support policies effectively promote farmers’income growth and narrow the urbanrural income gap by improving rural digital infrastructure,stimulating the digital development of the rural economy,and facilitating the flow of urban and rural factor resources.Therefore,strengthening the targeted support of e-commerce policies,optimizing the provision of supporting infrastructure and public services,and promoting the differentiated development of rural e-commerce can maximize the equitable and inclusive effects of e-commerce support policies,contributing to the advancement of common prosperity.

关 键 词：农村电商 政府支持 农民增收 城乡收入差距 多期DID 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] F124.7F724.6