距离相关的北极浅海冰边缘区声传播研究  

Range-dependent Study of Acoustic Propagation in the Marginal Ice Zone in the Shallow Arctic Ocean

作　　者：吴绍维 孙鑫 柯磊 黄浩 肖程诗 WU Shaowei;SUN Xin;KE Lei;HUANG Hao;XIAO Chengshi(School of Shipping and Naval Architecture,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401122,China;Wuhan Yangtze RiverWaterway Rescue and Salvage Bureau,Wuhan 430014,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学航运与船舶工程学院,重庆400074 [2]中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司,重庆401122 [3]武汉长江航道救助打捞局,武汉430014

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2025年第1期14-20,52,共8页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年资助项目(51909016);重庆市自然科学基金面上资助项目(cstc2020jcyjmsxmX0070);重庆市教委科学技术研究重点资助项目(KJZD-K202100702);高性能船舶技术教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目(gxnc23052804)。

摘　　要：基于有限元理论研究不同冰层覆盖下极地声场传播特性,建立冰层覆盖环境中的声学有限元模型并提出上表面弹性冰层的边界条件,采用简正波模型验证有限元模型计算结果的准确性,计算分析倾斜冰层、冰脊以及冰水混合界面对声场传播的影响规律。结果表明,正梯度声速剖面会导致冰层覆盖下的声场波动起伏更加频繁;冰层倾斜方式影响水下声传播,其向下倾斜时声传播损失随着倾斜角度的增加而增大,向上倾斜时则相反;冰脊尺寸与水下声传播损失成正比,在冰脊顶点下方会产生声能聚集作用;对于上表面自由界面,有冰层覆盖时声场在上表面的声能损失会减小,但冰层厚度的增加会改变水下声场的上下界面反射次数和传播损失。Based on the finite element theory,the polar area acoustic field propagation characteristics under different ice covers were investigated.The acoustic finite element model and the boundary conditions of the elastic ice layer of the upper surface in the ice-covered environment were established.The accuracy of the finite element model calculations was verified by using the simple positive wave model.And the influence laws of the tilted ice,ice ridges,and ice-water mixing interfaces on the acoustic field propagation were numerically analyzed.The results show that the positive gradient sound velocity profile leads to more frequent fluctuations of the acoustic field beneath the ice cover;the tilting mode of the ice sheet affects the underwater acoustic propagation,and the loss of acoustic propagation increases with the increase of the tilting angle when the ice sheet tilts downward,while the opposite is true when it tilts upward;the size of the ice ridges is directly proportional to the loss of acoustic propagation,and acoustic aggregation occurs underneath the ridge vertices;and the acoustic field in the upper surface can be reduced by the ice cover,compared with that at the upper surface of the free interface.The ice coverage reduces the acoustic energy loss of the acoustic field at the upper surface relative to the free interface of the upper surface,but the increase of the ice thickness can change the number of reflections and propagation loss of the underwater acoustic field at the upper and lower interfaces.

关 键 词：声学 极地声场 冰层覆盖 有限元 双声道 

分 类 号：O427.1[理学—声学]