基于附加外部机构隔声超构板的弯曲振动抑制方法研究  

Sound-insulation Metamaterial Plate with Additional Mechanisms Attached for Suppressing Bending Vibration

作　　者：蔡东军 王益涛 姜炯挺 唐晓杰 戴旭益 CAI Dongjun;WANG Yitao;JIANG Jiongting;TANG Xiaojie;DAI Xuyi(Ningbo Power Transmission and Distribution Construction Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315016,Zhejiang,China;State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Corporation Ningbo Power Supply Company,Ningbo 315010,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波送变电建设有限公司,浙江宁波315016 [2]国网浙江省电力有限公司宁波供电公司,浙江宁波315010

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2025年第1期73-79,共7页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：宁波永耀电力投资集团有限公司科技资助项目(KJXM2022004)。

摘　　要：基于声学超构材料的设计理论,提出一种附加外部机构的隔声超构板结构。首先,设计外部机构的构型,并建立元胞的有限元模型;其次,结合Bloch定理与周期边界条件,通过仿真验证隔声超构板能带的可靠性;最后,基于机构谐振进行带隙扩展,对比单一机构、双机构和三机构超构板的弯曲波带隙特性,研究表明:所提隔声超构板材料能够在关注频带内产生弯曲波带隙,纵波、剪切波仍能在此带隙内传播;由于机构谐振作用,附加多机构使得超构板产生新的带隙,也导致机构数量为偶数与奇数时的振动模式不同。针对变电站低频噪声设计隔声超构板,设计带隙使之涵盖线谱噪声的主要频率,使透射谱低谷位置与弯曲波带隙位置一致,可较好抑制带隙内的弯曲振动。Based on the design theory of acoustic superstructures,a flat structure of sound insulation superstructure with external mechanism was proposed.Firstly,the structure of external mechanism was designed and the finite element model of the cell was established.Secondly,based on Bloch theorem and periodic boundary conditions,the energy band reliability of the sound insulation superstructure was verified by simulation.Finally,based on the mechanism resonance,the band gap was extended,and the characteristics of bending wave band gap of single mechanism,double mechanism and three mechanism superstructures were compared.The research shows that the proposed sound insulation superstructures can produce bending wave band gap in the interested frequency band,and the longitudinal and transverse wave can still propagate in this band gap.Due to the resonance of the mechanism,the addition of multiple mechanisms makes the super-structure plate produce a new band gap,which also leads to the difference between the even mechanism and odd mechanism vibration modes.Aiming at the problem of low frequency noise of substations,a sound insulation superstructure was designed.The designed band gap covers the main frequency of line spectrum noise,and the position of transmission spectrum trough is consistent with that of bending wave band gap,which effectively suppresses the bending vibration in the band gap.

关 键 词：声学 声学超构材料 变电站 低频噪声 能带结构 机构谐振 

分 类 号：TB535[理学—物理]