复合植物精油和丁酸梭菌对断奶仔猪生长性能以及血浆生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响  

Effects of Compound Plant Essential Oils and Clostridium butyricum on Growth Performance and Plasma Biochemical,Antioxidant and Immune Indices of Weaned Piglets

作　　者：方桂友[1] 刘景[1] 俞清霞 陈鑫珠[1] 缪伏荣[1] 董志岩[1] FANG Guiyou;LIU Jing;YU Qingxia;CHEN Xinzhu;MIAO Furong;DONG Zhiyan(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Research,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350003,China;Fuzhou Animal Husbandry Station,Fuzhou 350007,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,福州350003 [2]福州市畜牧站,福州350007

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第1期204-216,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：福建省科技计划公益专项(2023R1024007);福建省科技重大专项专题(2021NZ029023)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究饲粮添加复合植物精油和丁酸梭菌对断奶仔猪生长性能以及血浆生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响。选取250头初始体重为(6.48±0.42)kg的“杜长大”三元杂交断奶仔猪[断奶日龄为(25±3)日龄],随机分成5个组,每组5个重复,每个重复10头猪(公母各5头)。负对照组(NC组)饲喂低蛋白质氨基酸平衡基础饲粮(不添加抗生素,饲粮粗蛋白质水平为17.72%),正对照组(抗生素组,PC组)饲喂基础饲粮+20 mg/kg硫酸黏杆菌素+50 mg/kg杆菌肽锌+75 mg/kg金霉素,试验1组(T1组)饲喂基础饲粮+500 mg/kg复合植物精油,试验2组(T2组)饲喂基础饲粮+500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌,试验3组(T3组)饲喂基础饲粮+500 mg/kg复合植物精油+500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌。预试期3 d,正试期16 d。结果表明:1)与NC组相比,PC组和T3组平均日增重(ADG)极显著提高(P<0.01),T1组和T2组ADG显著提高(P<0.05);PC组和T3组料重比(F/G)显著降低(P<0.05);PC组和T3组腹泻率极显著降低(P<0.01),T1组和T2组腹泻率显著降低(P<0.05)。各组间平均日采食量(ADFI)无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与NC组相比,PC组、T1组、T2组和T3组血浆二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性和内毒素含量显著降低(P<0.05);PC组和T3组血浆胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)含量极显著提高(P<0.01),T1组和T2组血浆IGF-Ⅰ含量显著提高(P<0.05)。3)与NC组相比,PC组、T2组和T3组血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著提高(P<0.05),PC组、T1组、T2组和T3组血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著提高(P<0.05),PC组和T3组血浆总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)极显著提高(P<0.01),T1组和T2组血浆T-AOC显著提高(P<0.05)。4)与NC组相比,PC组和T3组血浆免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量极显著提高(P<0.01),T1组和T2组血浆IgG含量显著提高(P<0.05);PC组和T3组血浆白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)含量显著降低(P<0.05),PC组、T1组和T3组血浆白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量显著降低(P<0.05),PC组、T1组和T3组血浆白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量�This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary compound plant essential oils and Clostridium butyricum on growth performance and plasma biochemical,antioxidant and immune indices of weaned piglets.A total of 250 weaned piglets with initial body weight of(6.48±0.42)kg and weaning age of(25±3)days were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 10 pigs per replicate(5 males and 5 females).Pigs in the negative control group(NC group)were fed a low-protein amino acid balanced basal diet(17.72%crude protein level without antibiotics),those in the positive control group(antibiotic group,PC group)were fed the basal diet+20 mg/kg colistin sulfate+50 mg/kg bacitracin zinc+75 mg/kg aureomycin,those in test group 1(T1 group)were fed the basal diet+500 mg/kg compound plant essential oils,those in test group 2(T2 group)were fed the basal diet+500 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum,and those in test group 3(T3 group)were fed the basal diet+500 mg/kg compound plant essential oils+500 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum,respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 3 days,and the experimental period lasted for 16 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with NC group,the average daily gain(ADG)in PC and T3 groups was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),and the ADG in T1 and T2 groups was significantly increased(P<0.05);the ratio of feed to gain(F/G)in PC and T3 groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the diarrhea rate in PC and T3 groups was extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01),and that in T1 and T2 groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the average daily feed intake(ADFI)among all groups(P>0.05).2)Compared with NC group,the plasma diamine oxidase(DAO)activity and endotoxin content in PC,T1,T2 and T3 groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the plasma insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)content in PC and T3 groups was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),and the plasma IGF-Ⅰcontent in T1 and T2 groups was significantly increas

关 键 词：复合植物精油 丁酸梭菌 断奶仔猪 生长性能 血浆生化指标 抗氧化 免疫 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]